Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024)

Open Access

Article

Investigation of hip flexibility training on dancesport optimization using machine learning video analysis

Mingyang Gao, Liu Yang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 348 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.348

Abstract：

Dancesport, particularly the Paso Doble, requires high agility, coordination, and flexibility, especially in the hips. This study investigates the impact of an eight-week targeted Hip Flexibility Training (HFT) program on the performance of professional Paso Doble dancers. The need for this research stems from the lack of objective, data-driven evaluations in the field, where traditional methods rely heavily on subjective assessments. Previous studies have examined general flexibility in dance, but few have focused on the direct Biomechanical Effects (BF) and Physiological Effects (PE) of specific HFT on dancers. Further, such studies could not accurately measure hip joint movements and their coordination in order to achieve dance performance efficiency. The proposed study used motion-capturing devices to collect key movement data that impacts performance efficiency. The collected data is analyzed using the hybrid receptive field block (RFB) and residual network (ResNET) ML models to study the pre- and post-HFT results. Twelve highly trained dancers were assigned to have biomechanical and physiological metrics measured after and before the training. The data analysis has shown that there has been a significant increase in hip flexion from 65.4 ± 4.5° to 75.2 ± 3.7° ( P < 0.05), hip extension from 25.3 ± 2.4° to 30.1 ± 2.1° ( P < 0.05), and joint velocity from 1.18 ± 0.15 m/s to 1.32 ± 0.12 m/s ( P < 0.05). Physiological metrics also showed improvements, such as a reduction in Oxygen Consumption (OC) from 2.02 ± 0.21 L/min to 1.85 ± 0.18 L/min ( P < 0.05) and Energy Cost (EC) from 50.1 ± 7.2 kJ/min to 45.6 ± 6.4 kJ/min ( P < 0.05).

Open Access

Article

The relationship between pulmonary ventilation function and bone marrow hematopoietic function: A mendelian randomization analysis

Shupeng Chen, Nana Tang, Yingjian Zeng

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 274 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.274

Abstract：

Background : In recent years, the comorbidity between respiratory and hematopoietic system diseases has emerged as a new challenge. However, the potential genetic link between the ventilatory function of the respiratory system and the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the possible genetic connection between lung ventilatory function and bone marrow hematopoietic function. Methods : We selected two exposure factors, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), which represent pulmonary ventilation function, and two outcome indicators, Immature Fraction of Reticulocytes (IFR) and Reticulocyte Count (RC), which represent bone marrow hematopoiesis function, from published genome-wide association studies. Based on the three core assumptions of Mendelian randomization analysis, we extracted Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) associated with FEV1 and FVC as instrumental variables for the exposure factors. We then conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods. Lastly, we assessed the reliability of the testing results through MR-Egger, Cochran’s Q test, and the leave-one-out test. Through these steps, we aimed to explore the causal relationship between pulmonary ventilation function and the outcome of bone marrow hematopoiesis function and evaluated the reliability of the testing results using methods such as MR-Egger, Cochran’s Q test, and the leave-one-out test. Results : The IVW method revealed that a decrease in FEV1 is associated with an increase in IFR ( β = −0.072, 95% CI: −0.131 to −0.014, p = 0.01), and the results from MR-Egger regression showed a similar association ( β = −0.169, 95% CI: −0.342 to −0.004, p = 0.05). Furthermore, a decrease in FEV1 is associated with an increase in RC ( β = −0.143, 95% CI: −0.198 to −0.087, p =4.00E-07), and MR-Egger regression yielded consistent results ( β = −0.216, 95% CI: −0.381 to −0.541, p=1.07E-02). Similarly, a decrease in FVC is associated with an increase in IFR ( β = −0.073, 95% CI: −0.116 to −0.031, p = 6.17E-04), and MR-Egger regression showed a similar trend ( β = −0.046, 95% CI: −0.160 to −0.067, p =0.42). Additionally, a decrease in FVC is associated with an increase in RC ( β = −0.173, 95% CI: −0.221 to −0.125, p = 2.33E-12), and MR-Egger regression yielded consistent results ( β = −0.142, 95% CI: −0.272 to −0.012, p = 3.32E-02). The reliability tests indicated heterogeneity in the above MR analyses but no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. Therefore, a fixed-effect model IVW was used to explore the causal relationships, which were found to be robust and reliable with no outliers or significant bias in this study. Conclusion : This study indicates that there is a negative causal relationship between pulmonary ventilation function and bone marrow hematopoietic function. A decrease in pulmonary ventilation function stimulates bone marrow hematopoiesis. However, further research is needed to elucidate this mechanism.

Open Access

Article

Relief and improvement of traditional Chinese medicine combined with exercise therapy in sports dance sports injury disorder from a biomechanical perspective

Yajie Li, Xudong Wang, Zhiguo Liu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 238 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.238

Abstract：

Among all kinds of sports, competitive sports with graceful movements as the main content are deeply loved by athletes. However, in the practice of sports dance, due to insufficient skills, incorrect movements, inattention and other factors, it is easy to cause sports injuries, which affects the effect of sports dance teaching. Therefore, the research and application of the alleviation and improvement of sports injury disorders are becoming more and more important. Although there are many researches and applied studies on the mitigation and improvement of sports injury disorders in sports dance, the existing research still needs to be supplemented. In this paper, a combination of traditional Chinese medicine and exercise therapy has been discussed. First, the relevant theoretical overview and related work were organized, and the sports dance movement was introduced. Then, based on the modeling of sports injury disorder, related algorithms were written, and the elements of mitigation and improvement of sports injury disorder, sports injury elements of sports dance, and elements of traditional Chinese medicine combined with exercise therapy were introduced. In the fourth part, a study on the improvement of alleviation and improvement of sports injury disorder in sports dance was carried out. In this paper, various algorithms were used to study the topic of Chinese medicine combined with exercise therapy in the mitigation and improvement of sports dance injury disorders, and the experiments were summarized and discussed. The results of the study showed that the mitigation improvement and application study of sports injury impairment in sports dance constructed in this paper can reduce the incidence of sports injury by 4.62%.

Open Access

Article

Research on the prevention of joint and muscle injuries in competitive sports by scientific sports—Table tennis as an example

Zhaoyu Chen, Yanjie Dang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 344 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.344

Abstract：

Table tennis is the most popular sport among all people, which damages every joints of the body to a certain extent, and is an example of scientific sports analysis and popularization. Analyzing the causes of joint and muscle injuries in table tennis and seeking effective preventive measures can not only reduce the incidence of sports injuries, but also ensure that athletes keep a high level of competitive state in high-intensity and long-term training and competition to a certain extent, and prolong their sports life. From two aspects of traditional sports injury prevention measures and the design of a multi-data fusion management rehabilitation robot, the prevention of muscle injury in competitive sports has been studied in depth.

Open Access

Article

The Synergistic Effect of Biomechanics and Psychological Feedback in Physical Education Teaching: Enhancing Motor Skills and Psychological Resilience

Zeqian Jiang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 447 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.447

Abstract：

The combination of biomechanics and psychological feedback presents a unique approach to improving physical education outcomes. Biomechanics offers a detailed understanding of movement, allowing for the optimization of motor skills based on scientific principles. Meanwhile, psychological feedback helps students adapt mentally, fostering resilience and improving performance under pressure. This research explores how the dual application of biomechanical analysis and psychological feedback can enhance both physical and mental capacities in students during physical education. Through motion capture technology and real-time data analysis, motor skill performance is broken down into key components such as force, speed, and coordination. Students receive targeted feedback, allowing them to refine their techniques efficiently. Concurrently, psychological feedback mechanisms, such as self-reflection and stress management strategies, are introduced to help students build mental resilience and maintain focus. Results are a significant improvement in both motor skills and psychological well-being. Students displayed greater accuracy and efficiency in performing complex physical tasks and reported reduced anxiety and stress during physical education activities. The synergy between biomechanics and psychological feedback not only improved motor performance but also enhanced students' overall experience, making physical education more engaging and effective.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanical research based on the recognition and detection of the strength of table tennis hitting action

Wenbin Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 341 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.341

Abstract：

The reason why China’s table tennis can continue to this day is because it is an important heritage sports event in the country. In order to ensure the high-level performance of the Chinese table tennis team in the game, the identification and detection of its sports characteristics is a very meaningful work. With the development of computer technology, the use of multimedia intelligence technology to conduct research on competitive tactics has become a general consensus in the sports world. This paper explores the recognition and detection technology of the strength of table tennis hitting movements from the perspective of biomechanics, aiming to provide scientific basis and technical support for improving the performance of athletes. Based on the principles of biomechanics and combined with multimedia intelligent algorithms, this study developed a spatiotemporal graph convolutional network (STGCN) and a motion detection method based on Kinect technology to identify and quantify the hitting strength of table tennis players. The experimental results of this paper show that in the recognition of different types of movements based on the STGCN method, the correct recognition rate of 100 groups of movement strength is 84%, and the correct recognition rate of 500 groups of movement strength is 91.6%; in the recognition of different types of movement strength based on Kinect, the correct recognition rate of 100 groups of movement strength is 97%, and the correct recognition rate of 500 groups of movement strength is 99.6%; it can be seen that no matter how many groups of hitting movements are made, the correct recognition rate of strength based on Kinect is higher than that of STGCN.

Open Access

Article

Medical image recognition based on multilayer neural network

Nan Ma, Yaxin Hou

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 508 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.508

Abstract：

As a common accidental injury, accurate identification of burns and scalded injuries is of great significance to the development of treatment programs and prognosis assessment. Traditional identification methods are subjective and inaccurate, this paper proposes a burns and scalds grade identification technique based on multilayer neural network. The three-degree classification standard of burns and scalds is described, and the structure and principle of multilayer neural network are introduced, including the network structure composed of input layer, hidden layer and output layer, forward propagation, back propagation and training process. The implementation steps of burns and scald grade recognition technology based on multi-layer neural network are discussed in detail, such as data acquisition, image pre-processing, feature extraction, classifier design, model training and evaluation. Through experiments, the model is tested using a dataset containing 362 burns and scalds images, and the model achieves more than 90% accuracy on the test set with high accuracy and reliability. The multi-layer neural network model is used to classify the burn and scald data, which improves the diagnostic accuracy, shortens the delay time of the disease, reduces the pressure of professional doctors, and helps patients have a preliminary understanding of the degree of burn.

Open Access

Article

Biocatalytic optimization: Performance and mechanism of molecular sieve composite aluminum-calcium oxides in tobacco biomass pyrolysis

Hepeng Ni, Jun Ma, Na Zhou, Libin Zhang, Xiaobo Li, Na Wang, Songyan Tan, Qing Chang, Shaoyin Zhu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 312 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.312

Abstract：

In recent years, China has faced challenges such as energy shortages and environmental pollution. Metal oxides, as biocatalysts, offer promising solutions for biomass energy conversion by enhancing biochemical reaction rates, reducing energy consumption, and improving biomass conversion product quality. This study focuses on using metal-based biocatalysts in the pyrolysis of tobacco, a key cash crop. We prepared aluminum/calcium composite molecular sieves through extraction, calcination, and acid leaching of metal ores. These biocatalysts optimized the tobacco pyrolysis process, improving the composition of bioactive components in the products. Results showed that metal oxide composites effectively facilitated the cleavage and reorganization of tobacco biomolecules, influencing the structure and composition of pyrolysis gases. The presence of alkali metals led to earlier cleavage of tobacco at lower temperatures and increased pyrolysis gas concentration. Specifically, calcium or aluminum increased total weight loss in the 100–300 ℃ range while decreasing maximum weight loss, leading to higher concentrations of low-temperature pyrolysis gases. The optimal catalyst-to-tobacco mass ratio was 2:1 at 500 ℃, maximizing nicotine content, reducing ester formation, and enhancing hydrocarbon biosynthesis. This low-temperature pyrolysis method efficiently releases aroma substances and improves smoke concentration. It offers a practical approach for biomass energy conversion and bioactive substance extraction, providing new insights into metal-based biocatalysts’ role in complex biomass systems.

Open Access

Article

Blockchain technology empowers physical fitness test of students in colleges and universities: Study on the uploading of multiple statistical indicators

Zhen Bai, Pengfei Shi, Qiqi Liu, Kangshuai Fan

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 417 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.417

Abstract：

This study investigates the groundbreaking application of blockchain technology in the realm of student physical fitness testing within colleges and universities. The focus is on constructing a secure, transparent, and traceable data management system to enhance the accuracy and reliability of physical fitness assessments. Using literature review to establish a theoretical basis, logical analysis to clarify technical principles, and cross-disciplinary methods to integrate various perspectives, the study provides an in-depth analysis of how blockchain can be seamlessly incorporated into the student physical fitness testing framework. Physical fitness testing in colleges typically includes evaluations of various health metrics such as aerobic capacity, muscular strength, flexibility, and body composition. Traditional methods for recording and managing these tests often face challenges related to data accuracy, tampering, and privacy. Blockchain technology, with its immutable and decentralized nature, offers a solution by ensuring that fitness test results are securely recorded and cannot be altered once entered into the system. The proposed blockchain-based system incorporates several key components tailored to the needs of student physical fitness assessments. The system includes an authentication module to verify basic student information and a management module to handle test scores and related health data. By employing advanced encryption methods and blockchain platforms like Bei-hang Chain, the system provides robust data protection, ensuring both the privacy of individual student records and the integrity of the test data. One of the system’s innovations is its ability to offer real-time access and verification of fitness data for all relevant stakeholders-students, educational institutions, parents, and regulatory bodies. This transparency helps in monitoring students’ health trends and in making informed decisions about physical education programs and health interventions. Furthermore, the decentralized nature of the system reduces administrative overhead and mitigates risks associated with centralized data storage. The integration of blockchain technology addresses significant issues inherent in traditional physical fitness testing systems, such as data tampering, unauthorized access, and inaccuracies in test results. By ensuring that fitness data is accurate, unalterable, and accessible, the system provides a reliable basis for evaluating and improving student health and fitness. This advancement not only supports more accurate assessments of students’ physical fitness and health but also facilitates the development of evidence-based policies and programs aimed at enhancing student wellness. In summary, the blockchain-based physical fitness testing system represents a transformative approach to managing student health data. It not only provides strong support for accurately reflecting the physical fitness and health status of contemporary college students, but also provides a solid data basis for the government and relevant departments to make more scientific and reasonable health policies and decisions, and has far-reaching positive significance for improving the physical fitness level of college students.

Open Access

Article

Delivery of cations (Mg2+, Al3+, Ga3+, Sn2+, Cr3+, Fe3+) into the cells by anthocyanins through Physico-chemical assessment: A molecular simulation study

Fatemeh Mollaamin, Majid Monajjemi

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 206 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.206

Abstract：

Anthocyanins (ACNs) are secondary metabolites responsible for most of the red to purple pigmentation found in flowers, fruits, and leaves. Clusters of metal ions of Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , Ga 3+ , Sn 2+ , Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ joined to ACNs in water media were studied for unraveling the color shifting of different complexes of these structures in the low ranges of pH. In this verdict, it has been studied the metallic cations diffusing of deprotonating for the anthocyanin (ACN) (B)-ring of Malvidin (Mal), Peonidin (Peo), Delphinidin (Del), Pet, and Cyanidin (Cya) in water. The difference of heat of formation (∆Hf) among clusters of metallic cations jointed to ACNs has been illustrated toward the double bonds and carbonyl groups by the chelation of (B)-ring for cyanidin, delphinidin and petunidin ACNs in two media of gas and water that explains the stability and color of [ACN-metallic cations] cluster chelation. The complexes of Ga 3+ → Pet, Cr 3+ → Pet, Mg 2+ → Pet and Al 3+ → Cya, Ga 3+ → Cya, Mg 2+ → Cya have indicated the maximum absorbance in the low concentration. The mechanism of cation-induced ACNs mainly depends on the location of active zones of functionalized O-atoms in ACN and divalent or trivalent cations characteristics. Regarding the obtained results, regular consumption of some vegetables and fruits, which are rich in ACN molecules, should be helpful to stop viral infectious by decreasing pathogenicity and propagation of viral diseases.

Open Access

Article

Identification of salt tolerance of different Chinese kale cultivars under NaCl stress at seedling stage

Xibo Ren, Huanhuan Du, Suya Li, Jianying Wang, Xiyao Dai, Xuefei Dong, Shijie Ma

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 433 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.433

Abstract：

In order to understand the salt tolerance of different Chinese kale varieties at seedling stage and screen out the varieties with strong salt tolerance at seedling stage, the seeds of 26 Chinese kale varieties were used as materials. The growth indexes, physiological indexes, seedling rate and salt damage index of different Chinese kale varieties were compared and cluster analyzed by means of tissue culture. The results showed that: (1) under 160 mmol∙L − 1 NaCl stress, the different Chinese kale varieties at growth indexes, physiological indexes, seedling rate and salt damage index were significantly different, the relative seedling rate of R4, R14 and R32 reached 100.00%, and the salt damage index was the lowest, which was 20.00%; The correlation analysis showed that the relative seedling rate, the relative content of soluble protein, the relative content of soluble sugar and the relative value of Leaf SPAD were all negatively correlated with the salt damage index, and the relative conductivity and the relative content of malondialdehyde were all positively correlated with the salt damage index. (2) The average value of 14 salt tolerance indexes was used to cluster analyze the salt tolerance of 26 Chinese kale varieties. The tested materials were divided into four categories: high salt tolerance, moderate salt tolerance, low salt tolerance and salt sensitivity. R14, R25, R30 and R32 were highly salt tolerant varieties and R24 was salt sensitive varieties, which laid a foundation for further breeding and genetic research of salt tolerant varieties.

Open Access

Article

Study on the impact of shoulder flexibility training on smash speed mechanics in badminton using machine learning

Bingke Wang, Hongkai Zhou

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 375 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.375

Abstract：

The smash stroke in badminton is a key attack style that makes the opponent player miss the strike; the smash requires speed, agility, strength, and precision. The smash demands a high level of shoulder flexibility from the players, which increases the Range of Motion (ROM) during the backswing and forward swing phases. The shoulder flexibility provides excellent energy storage and transfer, improving smash speed. The biomechanical efficiency of Shoulder Flexibility Training (FLT) on smash speed efficiency is still under study. This lack of study leads to modelling training program limitations, which may increase the risk of injury. Examining the process by which smash speed mechanics are impacted by Shoulder Flexibility Training (SFT) programs is the primary goal of the present investigation. It is approximately a 6-week training program for Amateur Players (AP) and National Players (NP), which uses core shoulder motions like flexion, abduction, and rotation as its basis. Motion capture systems and radar sensors investigated joint motion and smash speeds. To address the shortage of study evidence on the subject, a hybrid CNN + LSTM model was applied to predict smash speed concerning improved shoulder flexibility. As reported by the research results, students’ smash speed and shoulder flexibility improved significantly during training. There was a 4.35% boost to smash speed at contact and a 4.69% gain in shoulder internal rotation compared to non-contact athletes. Additionally, there was a 9.83% boost in smash speed at contact and a 9.76% boost in shoulder internal rotation for the best athletes. Considering post-training illnesses, the CNN + LSTM model successfully predicted smash speed, with R³ scores of 0.99 for NP and 0.97 for AP.

Open Access

Article

Mathematical model of dissolved microbial products in sewage treatment system

Xinwei Feng, Jialei Zhang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 420 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.420

Abstract：

Water is the source of life, but all kinds of water resources in the world are suffering from different degrees of pollution. Water pollution leads to a serious shortage of available fresh water resources, and sewage treatment is the main way to solve water pollution. For the sewage after biological treatment of activated sludge, the organic matter contained in the effluent is mainly the dissolved microbial products (SMPs) produced in the process of microbial metabolism. The composition of SMPs is complex, mainly including macromolecular substances such as protein, polysaccharide, humic acid and DNA and cell fragments. The mathematical model of activated sludge is a quantitative description of the mathematical relationship between substrate degradation parameters and microbial growth. Starting from the Monod equation representing the relationship between substrate consumption and microbial growth, it combines the reactor theory and microbiology theory in the chemical field. Based on the principle of conservation of materials and Monod equation, the mathematical expression of organic degradation model was determined according to the collected data and empirical values of parameters. The general idea of activated sludge model No.1 (ASM1) for activated sludge process simulation was introduced, and the influence of sludge concentration on SBR process water treatment was explored. It was found that the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increases with the increase of sludge concentration. When C/N=8, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased from 62% to 81%, and the removal rate of total nitrogen increased from 64% to 82%, with the most obvious effect.

Open Access

Article

Addressing mental health challenges in college students: A biomechanical approach to mitigating stress and cognitive load through physical intervention strategies

Cuili Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 376 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.376

Abstract：

The main objective of this investigation is to find out how biomechanical actions, such as physical activity programs, balanced adjustments, and mindfulness-based posture correction, are successful at reducing Cognitive Load (CL) and levels of stress among college students. Mechanical adjustments decreased stress, physical activity reduced CL, and mindfulness-based posture correction improved Mental Health (MH), according to a long-term experiment with 28 students from four distinct educational fields. Investigators examined students’ stress, CL, and BH levels monthly. The outcome results dealt with all three predictions. A student’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score dropped from 24.66 to 18.10 (mean difference = 6.56, t = 4.82, p = 0.0001) after experiencing practical changes, demonstrating a significant decrease in stress levels. Following the exercise support, CL, as determined by the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), dropped from 65.38 to 54.23 (mean difference = 11.15, t = 5.29, p = 0.00005). Ratings for BH increased significantly after exercising mindfulness-based posture correction (from 78.63 to 85.13; mean difference = −6.50, t = −4.92, p = 0.00007). The median variation in PF (VO2 Max) went from 40.46 to 45.11 ( t = −3.78, p = 0.0012), and the difference in value was −4.65.

Open Access

Article

Research on motion control strategy of athlete muscle training based on blockchain and visual image analysis

Xiaolong Zhou

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 159 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.159

Abstract：

Muscle training is an important part of athletes’ physical training. Its goal is to keep athletes in high intensity and improve sports performance in physical training. With the continuous improvement of the level of competitive sports, there are still many problems in the training of competitive athletes. The research on the control strategies of some technical movements in the process of athletes’ muscle development would help to improve the efficiency and effect of athletes’ training. By analyzing and quant description of muscle movement control process based on blockchain and visual image processing technology, the muscle movement control rule is discussed and then a complete movement database is constructed. At the same time, combined with the sports experiment method and cognitive behavioral theory, this paper analyzed the exercise load, exercise time allocation, muscle training time allocation methods and the corresponding muscle training strategy selection methods under different muscle states, providing theoretical basis for athletes to conduct muscle strength training scientifically and efficiently. This paper first analyzed the importance of athletes’ muscle training action control. After that, the research was mainly carried out from the following two aspects. The first is to analyze the motion control strategy of athlete muscle training based on blockchain and visual image, and summarize its characteristics. The second is to use electronic imaging technology to analyze the data related to posture control in athletes’ muscle training, and explore the characteristics and changes of muscle posture. At last, this paper put forward relevant algorithms about visual images and conducted experimental research on athletes’ physical indicators and performance under different muscle training according to the research in this paper. It was concluded that the score ratio of athletes’ performance after muscle training action control was 7.39% higher than that of general muscle training. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the research of movement technology in muscle training and analyze the influence of some training control strategies on the development of athletes’ muscles in training.

Open Access

Article

Biophysics of ACL injuries

Bartłomiej Kacprzak, Mikołaj Stańczak, Magdalena Hagner-Derengowska, Jakub Surmacz, Ali Arab Yarmohammadi

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 392 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.392

Abstract：

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries rank among the most prevalent and severe types of injuries, significantly impacting both athletes and non-athletes alike. These injuries not only result in immediate physical impairment, such as intense pain, substantial swelling, and a marked loss of mobility, but also carry long-term health consequences that can alter a person’s quality of life. Chronic pain, persistent instability, and an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis are among the lasting effects that can follow an ACL injury. An in-depth understanding of the biophysics behind ACL injuries is paramount for devising effective prevention and treatment protocols. Biophysics, which combines principles from physics with biological systems, provides crucial insights into the mechanical and structural integrity of the ACL and its susceptibility to injury under various conditions. This systematic review aims to collate and synthesize the current knowledge surrounding the biophysical mechanisms that underlie ACL injuries. The review encompasses a range of factors, including the biomechanical forces that place stress on the ligament, anatomical structures that may predispose individuals to injury, and physiological conditions that affect ligament health and resilience. Each of these factors plays a crucial role in the incidence and severity of ACL injuries. Biomechanical forces, for example, can involve sudden changes in direction or impact during physical activity, leading to excessive stress on the ACL. Anatomical factors might include variations in bone structure or ligament alignment that inherently increase the risk of injury. Additionally, physiological conditions such as muscle strength, flexibility, and overall ligament health can influence the likelihood and extent of an ACL injury. The findings of this review underscore the necessity of adopting integrated approaches in both injury prevention and rehabilitation. Such approaches must consider the multifaceted nature of ACL injuries, involving not only mechanical and anatomical aspects but also physiological and possibly even genetic factors. By emphasizing a multi-faceted understanding, interventions can be more effectively tailored to address the complex interplay of elements that contribute to ACL injuries. This holistic approach can lead to better outcomes for those at risk of or recovering from ACL injuries, enhancing the efficacy of prevention strategies and rehabilitation protocols.

Open Access

Article

Machine learning model to study effects of lightweight racket design on elbow and shoulder loading during tennis serve

Qing Miao, Hongkai Zhou

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 374 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.374

Abstract：

Tennis is a famous sport in which players perform high-speed, repetitive movements that cause significant load to the shoulder and elbow joints, particularly during tennis serve. Further, the racket design also plays a key role in the efficiency of the player’s performance through the level of mechanical stress that it places on the player’s elbow joints. Therefore, analyzing the biomechanical impact of racket types on the load it renders on elbow and shoulder loading will help optimize the player’s performance and avoid the possibility of risk. However, there are limited studies that are related to the effect of differences in racket mass, balance, and inertia over joint force and moment during the phases of serve. To address this gap, this study employs a Machine Learning (ML)-based model to impact three types of racket such as head-light, even-balanced, and head-heavy, towards joint moments and forces in the shoulder, elbow, and wrist during tennis serves. The kinematic data was collected from eight tennis players, and the collected data was processed using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to predict joint moments and forces based on racket parameters and segmental kinematics. The results have shown that racket design has an excellent impact on a player’s performance through its impact on shoulder and elbow joints. The head-light racket resulted in a shoulder adduction moment of 9.4 ± 0.8 Nm and a shoulder joint force of 130.2 ± 9.4 N during the acceleration phase, compared to the head-heavy racket, which generated a higher adduction moment of 11.3 ± 1.0 Nm and a shoulder force of 162.3 ± 11.4 N. The even-balanced racket showed intermediate values, with an adduction moment of 10.2 ± 0.9 Nm and a shoulder force of 142.5 ± 9.9 N.

Open Access

Article

The role of biomechanics in enhancing cognitive function and learning outcomes in English language teaching

Shasha Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 383 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.383

Abstract：

Language learning, traditionally taught through memory and repetition, often overlooks the role of physical movement in enhancing cognitive and linguistic abilities. Theories like embodied cognition and motor learning suggest that cognitive functions are closely linked to physical actions. Research suggests that posture, gestures, and movement can improve language processing and comprehension. However, the practical integration of biomechanical principles into structured language teaching remains underexplored. Previous studies on gesture-based learning and movement-enhanced vocabulary acquisition indicate potential benefits but lack a comprehensive approach. This study introduces a series of biomechanical interventions in English language teaching, including posture training, movement-based vocabulary learning, sensory-motor integration, and kinesthetic learning techniques. A quasi-experimental design with 115 12–16-year-olds was used for 8 weeks. The experimental group received biomechanical interventions, and the control group received traditional teaching. Cognitive function and language outcomes were assessed pre-and post-assessment. The experimental group showed significant cognitive function improvements, with scores rising from 78.5 ± 5.6 to 89.3 ± 4.8, while the control group showed only a minor change (77.9 ± 5.8 to 80.7 ± 5.5, t = 4.56, p = 0.002, d = 1.78 In the experimental group, vocabulary scores increased from 85.6 ± 7.4 to 92.3 ± 6.2 ( t = 3.22, p = 0.008, d = 1.03). Memory improvement correlated strongly with vocabulary acquisition ( r = 0.68, p = 0.003). Also, engagement frequency increased ( p = 0.004).

Open Access

Article

Biomechanical perspectives on college students’ psychological well-being and their impact on academic performance

Li Li

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 382 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.382

Abstract：

Academic performance among college students is prejudiced by a complex interplay of psychological well-being, physical activity, and biomechanical health. While previous research has often focused on individual factors such as mental health or physical activity, there is a growing need for an integrative approach to understand how these elements interact and collectively impact academic performance. This study aims to explore these relationships among 126 students from four universities in China, using a comprehensive methodology that includes psychological assessments (GHQ-28, PSS, MHI), wearable activity trackers for physical activity and sleep monitoring, and biomechanical evaluations through motion capture and electromyography (EMG). The study adopts a multi-faceted analytical approach, including hierarchical regression, path analysis, and latent variable modelling. Hierarchical regression revealed that psychological factors alone explained 21.1% of the variance in GPA ( R 2 = 0.211), while adding biomechanical and physical activity factors increased the explanatory power to 35.0% ( R 2 = 0.350). Path analysis indicated that psychological well-being had a direct negative effect on academic performance ( β = −0.41, p < 0.001) and an indirect effect mediated through physical activity (indirect β = −0.089, p = 0.0021). Latent variable modelling demonstrated that psychological well-being, physical activity, and biomechanical health constructs collectively explained 52% of the variance in academic performance.

Open Access

Article

Research on the application of scientific training methods in the prevention of muscle injuries in young taekwondo athletes

Zongyu Liu, Xiaoxue Zhang, Jing Liang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 346 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.346

Abstract：

The Taekwondo project originated in the Korean Peninsula. Since it was introduced to my country in the 1990s, it has attracted the attention of many people because of its high degree of appreciation. Taekwondo, characterized by its combative nature and technical demands, poses inherent sports risks, with research indicating that a significant percentage of athletes’ experience sports injuries during their careers. Therefore, this study selected high-level Taekwondo athletes of S University as the survey object, and analyzed the collected data by using literature data method, questionnaire survey method, interview method and other research methods. Aiming at the injury factors of boxing practitioners’ sports injuries, this research proposes the following related countermeasures: (1) The countermeasures against the practitioners themselves and the physical injury factors are: strengthen the protection or exercise of vulnerable parts; the coaches check the physical condition of the students before class; strengthen physical fitness exercises; improve self-protection awareness and ability. (2) The countermeasures against the factors that cause the practitioner’s emotional and rational emotions include: exert the influence of social relations on the practitioner; eliminate fear, cultivate self-confidence; strengthen the cultivation of will quality and self-will! Relaxation and concentration training. (3) The countermeasures for coaches to prevent exercises from sports injuries include: coaches improve their own technical level and teaching skills; reasonable grouping and training methods; leading students to prepare for activities; controlling sports negatives, and technical exercises step by step. (4) Improve the problems of venue facilities that easily cause sports injuries.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanical and machine learning approaches to automating the identification of musical styles and emotions through human motion analysis

Yuan Ding

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 397 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.397

Abstract：

This study explores the intricate relationship between biomechanical movements and musical expression, focusing on the identification of musical styles and emotions. Violin performance is characterized by complex interactions between physical actions—such as bowing techniques, finger placements, and posture—and the resulting acoustic output. Recent advances in motion capture technology and sound analysis have enabled a more objective examination of these processes. However, the current literature frequently addresses biomechanics and acoustic features in isolation, lacking an integrated understanding of how physical movements translate into specific musical expressions. Machine Learning (ML), particularly Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, provides a promising avenue for bridging this gap. LSTM models are adept at capturing temporal dependencies in sequential data, making them suitable for analyzing the dynamic nature of violin performance. In this work, they have proposed a comprehensive model that combines biomechanical analysis with Mel-spectrogram-based LSTM modeling to automate the identification of musical styles and emotions in violin performances. Using motion capture systems, Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), and high-fidelity audio recordings, we collected synchronized biomechanical and acoustic data from violinists performing various musical excerpts. The LSTM model was trained on this dataset to learn the intricate connections between physical movements and the acoustic features of each performance. Key findings from the study demonstrate the effectiveness of this integrated approach. The LSTM model achieved a validation accuracy of 92.5% in classifying musical styles and emotions, with precision, recall, and F1-score reaching 94.3%, 92.6%, and 93.4%, respectively, by the 100th epoch. The analysis also revealed strong correlations between specific biomechanical parameters, such as shoulder joint angle and bowing velocity, and acoustic features, like sound intensity and vibrato amplitude.

Open Access

Article

A study on Modeling and Simulation of Sports Training Injury Optimization from a Biomechanical Perspective

Hua Lu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 233 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.233

Abstract：

With the development of artificial intelligence technology today, sports training is one of the important ways to keep people healthy. Reasonable sports training can keep people happy, and can also improve the physical quality of athletes. However, because the intensity of sports training is greater than the physical endurance, it may lead to physical injury. The sports training injury model can collect the physical data of athletes, and simulate whether the actions that athletes want to practice are standard and correct through the collected data. If there are errors in the simulated exercise actions, the wrong exercise actions can be corrected in time, so as to reduce the incidence of sports injury accidents. The construction of the experimental model and the calculation and analysis process of the construction data are very complex, and the existing simulation models are difficult to achieve this, which has a significant impact on the subsequent development of the simulation model. In view of this phenomenon, this paper, on the basis of the sports training injury model, combined with the neural network method, conducted an effective research on the construction of the sports training injury model, and inspected the performance of the model by testing the accuracy of the evaluation of the injury risk level, the degree of sports training injury, and the accuracy of the evaluation of the prediction results of the sports training injury model. The experimental data shows that the maximum accuracy of the sports training injury model in the horizontal and vertical directions was 94.43% and 95.26% respectively, and the maximum accuracy of the single injury degree and the composite injury degree was 48.68% and 55.01% respectively, which had high accuracy and operational efficiency, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of training injury.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanical factors influencing mental health in college students and the role of physical activity in cognitive resilience

Ganbin Xu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 398 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.398

Abstract：

The Mental Health (MH) of college students is increasingly becoming a public health concern, with rising rates of depression, anxiety, and stress. This study aims to explore the relationship between Biomechanical Factors (BF), Physical Activity (PA), and MH outcomes in college students, addressing gaps in current research that frequently overlook the biomechanical features of physical well-being. A cross-sectional observational design was employed, involving 200 college students aged 18–24. SP underwent comprehensive assessments, including postural analysis, movement pattern evaluation, and MH screening. Physical activity levels and cognitive resilience were also measured to evaluate their roles in mediating and moderating the relationships between BF and MH. Key findings revealed that poor biomechanical alignment, such as forward head posture and movement asymmetry, were significantly associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Correlation analysis showed that forward head posture correlated positively with depression ( r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and anxiety ( r = 0.47, p < 0.01). Movement asymmetry was also associated with MH disturbances (depression: r = 0.45, p < 0.01). PA mediated the relationship between BF and MH, with significant indirect effects via PA for forward head posture (0.18, p < 0.05). Cognitive resilience emerged as a significant moderator, buffering the negative impact of biomechanical inefficiencies on MH outcomes. Within-subject comparisons indicated improvements in BF and MH scores over a one-month follow-up, with decreases in forward head posture (−2.2 ± 1.5 degrees, p < 0.05) and depression scores (−1.5 ± 1.2, p < 0.01).

Open Access

Article

Human motion and musical expression: Exploring the link between physical movement and emotional resonance in performance

Fei Tong

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 401 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.401

Abstract：

Musical performance has traditionally been understood as an auditory experience, with emotions conveyed primarily through sound. However, emerging research highlights the role of physical movement—gestures, posture, and body language—in enhancing emotional expression and creating a deeper connection between performers and their audiences. While existing studies have explored some aspects of this relationship, there is limited understanding of how specific movements modulate emotional responses across different musical genres. This study addresses these gaps by investigating the interaction between human motion and musical expression, focusing on the emotional resonance experienced by performers and audience members. The need for this study arises from the lack of comprehensive data on the correlation between movement and emotional engagement during musical performances, particularly concerning different genres. Using motion capture, biometric sensors, and facial recognition technology, the research analyzed the performances of professional and amateur musicians across classical, jazz, and contemporary music. Audience members’ emotional responses were captured through physiological data and post-performance surveys. One limitation of this study is that it focused solely on live performance environments, leaving digital or virtual performances unexplored. Key findings reveal that expressive movements increased emotional intensity ratings by 1.6 points ( p < 0.001), with heart rate rising by 6.9 BPM ( p < 0.0012) and electrodermal activity increasing by 1.6 µS ( p < 0.0008). Movement synchronization with musical elements, especially during climaxes, strongly correlated with heightened emotional responses ( r = 0.85, p < 0.01). Classical performances exhibited the highest synchronization between movement and emotion, with audience emotional intensity peaking at 8.3 on a Likert scale.

Open Access

Article

Lightweight aircraft design: Integrating biomechanics and algorithm optimization for drone construction using paper materials

Jiazheng Wang, Parvathy Rajendran

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 352 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.352

Abstract：

Lightweight aircraft design emphasizes materials like composites, alloys, and advanced polymers to reduce weight while ensuring structural integrity. Streamlined aerodynamics, efficient propulsion systems, and optimized component layout further enhance performance. The purpose of this research is to develop an innovative aircraft design model for drones, integrating algorithm optimization techniques and lightweight materials to enhance the performance and efficiency of drones with the utilization of open-source software. We apply this structure to the construction of drones with fixed-wing (FW) and vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) configurations. The aircraft’s body is constructed using lightweight materials such as glass fiber fabric (Gff) and extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), employing a vacuum-assisted wet layup technique for fabrication. Multi-objective Co-evolving Ant Colony Optimization (MC-ACO) was used to improve the construction of drones with VTOL and FW capabilities. This strategy enabled it to be easier to achieve the trade-offs required for a generalist drone design, such as range, payload capabilities, and swarm operations, which were then evaluated against commercially available software to evaluate the effectiveness. Incorporating biomechanics into the design method permits higher consideration of user interaction with drones. The findings indicate that low-fidelity architecture is a suitable starting point for prototyping under limited time frames. The paper concludes with a discussion of the technical constraints of employing free software, as well as some practical concerns for flight testing drones with hybrid configurations.

Open Access

Article

The internal relationship of college students’ physical exercise behavior and related factors based on ecological model

Xiaohong Su, Minghang Li, Liguo Shao, Zihao Wang, Ying Tian, Yan Ma

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 481 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.481

Abstract：

Background: The persistence of college students’ physical exercise behavior has an important impact on their physical health level and their positive psychological effects. The health behavior ecology model is more comprehensive and progressive than other exercise psychology theories in explaining the effect of physical activity intervention on long-term maintenance. Based on this, In this study, using the socio-ecological model theory as the entry point, applying five different levels of influencing factors in the theoretical model to the field of adolescent physical exercise behavior, The aim is to seek the internal connection between the ecological factors that promote college students’ physical exercise behavior through the investigation, so as to provide corresponding intervention strategies for promoting the healthy development of their physical fitness. So as to promote the formation of college students’ physical exercise habits. Methods: In 2023, 1015 college students were surveyed by questionnaire and measurement scale, followed by descriptive statistical analysis of college students’ current physical exercise behavior, and factor analysis of ecological factors affecting college students’ physical exercise. Results: From the behavior characteristics of college students’ physical exercise, different gender of college students in physical exercise, weekly exercise, exercise time is very significant difference ( P < 0.001), the boys in sports participation higher than girls 15.2%, choose occasionally exercise boy’s ratio 10% higher than girls, girls do not participate in exercise more than boys. In terms of exercise time, a few boys choose to do physical exercise on weekends; the proportion of boys in more than 60 min of physical exercise is 7 percentage points higher than girls. In the time of extracurricular exercise, support of parents and physical exercise ( P < 0.05), there was no significant difference between male and female students in the aspects of intensity of each exercise, participation in sports competition and reasons for not exercise ( P > 0.05). The principal component analysis of the influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior was conducted from the individual, family, school, community, and policy levels. The KOM value was 0.984, which met the judgment criteria of factor analysis. Through principal component analysis of the above five levels, according to the requirements of factors greater than 1, the individual level, family level, school level and policy level respectively two factors, corresponding cumulative contribution rate is 56.545%, 595.350%, 64.870% and 85.700% respectively, community level three factors, corresponding to the cumulative contribution rate of 76.450%. Conclusion: The advantage of the health behavior ecology model is that the comprehensive intervention strategies based on multi-level, multi-level effects greatly expand people’s understanding of the intervention. This model is applied to the field of physical health promotion of college students, to study human exercise behavior through the joint action of physiological, psychological and environmental factors, so as to more comprehensively reveal the various factors of exercise behavior, as well as the mutual relationship and influence between them. The results of this study indicate that: among the ecological factors that affect the physical exercise behavior of college students, the individual factors of college students are a necessary condition for physical exercise, while family, school and community factors affect the direction of the change and development of college students’ physical exercise behavior. Policy factors are a powerful driving force for college students’ physical exercise behavior. Only by considering the relationship between the relevant factors can we better understand the characteristics of college students’ physical exercise development, put forward the corresponding intervention strategies, and promote the formation of college students’ physical exercise habits through effective ways.

Open Access

Article

Bionic ankle-assisted rehabilitation training system based on biomechanical evaluation

Jiandong Wang, Yuanwei Li, Baoku Sui

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 236 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.236

Abstract：

In modern society, people’s life rhythm is getting faster and faster. Ankle injury would significantly reduce the frequency of people’s activities, which has a great impact on people’s normal work and life. As a new medical method, the bionic ankle rehabilitation training system is used to assist rehabilitation doctors to help patients complete joint flexibility and recovery training. In the research method of ankle biomechanical characteristics, the detection of ankle joint patient’s motion is particularly important. The purpose of this paper is to study how to design a bionic ankle assisted rehabilitation training system based on image processing. Therefore, this paper proposes an image-based moving target detection method, which has the advantages of high reliability and simple operation, and can improve the recognition rate of the ankle joint movement. The experimental results of this paper showed that the system can realize the predetermined trajectory movement and run the system stably. In terms of patient following error, it was kept within 0.03cm. The following error of the ankle joint trajectory was up to 0.03cm and the lowest was 0.01cm, which was almost negligible. In terms of accuracy, the accuracy of the system was also very high, and it can respond and determine the patient’s actions quickly, thereby helping patients to better perform rehabilitation training.

Open Access

Article

Analysis of landscape vegetation ecology and cellular structure in nature reserves based on an improved analytic hierarchy process

Meina Zhao, Xinyao Huang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 395 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.395

Abstract：

With the increasing severity of global environmental issues, natural reserves have become crucial areas for maintaining biodiversity and protecting natural ecosystems. The ecological status of landscape vegetation and the characteristics of cellular structures within these reserves have become focal points of research. However, traditional evaluation methods have limitations when dealing with the complex ecosystems of natural reserves, making it difficult to assess the relationship comprehensively and accurately between vegetation ecology and cellular structures. Therefore, this paper proposes an analysis of landscape vegetation ecology and cellular structure in natural reserves based on an improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). By incorporating fuzzy set theory and expert scoring mechanisms, the evaluation process is enhanced in terms of objectivity and precision. An evaluation index system for landscape vegetation ecology and cellular structure in natural reserves is constructed, covering aspects such as vegetation species richness, community structural complexity, and ecological functional stability. This systematic approach reflects the ecological status of vegetation and cellular structure characteristics, providing scientific support for targeted protection and management measures.

Open Access

Article

Effects of lignocellulolytic enzymes activities under different culture conditions from Wolfiporia cocos

Liyuan Deng, Fanzheng Zeng, Wei Fang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 182 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.182

Abstract：

O bjective : In order to explore the degradation mechanism of Wolfiporia cocos fungus lignocellulose, reveal the main enzymes of poria cocos lignocellulose system and their relationship with culture methods, and explore the production and application of lignocellulose-related enzyme resources. Method : Poria cocos strain YX2 collected in the field was observed microscopically to understand its culture characteristics. Its DNA was extracted by fungal kit and then amplified by PCR. After the obtained products were compared by BLAST, the phylogenetic tree of brown rot fungus was constructed by using biological analysis software ClustalX and building Phylogenetic Trees from Neighbor-Joining with MEGA. The activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and lignin-degrading enzymes were determined by MicroplateReader, and the magnitude of the nine enzyme activities were calculated. The maximum secretion of exo- -glucanase, endo- -glucanase and -glucosidase in the cellulase group was 16-17 U/mL, 32-35 U/mL and 36-37 U/mL, respectively, and the maximum secretion of xylanase, mannanase and α-glucosidase in the hemicellulase group was 28-38 U/mL, 280-342 U/mL and 9-11 U/mL, respectively, under the conditions of treatment with or without the addition of pine wood chips. 280-342U/mL, and 9-11U/mL, respectively.The maximum secretion of MnP, Laccase and LiP, which are lignin degrading enzymes, in four different culture solutions: A. without  were 0.015U/mL, 0.031U/mL and 0.017U/mL, respectively; B. with Mn 2+ were 0.081U/mL, 0.032U/mL and 0.109U/mL, respectively; C. with The highest secretion of wood chips was 0.026U/mL, 0.025U/mL, 0.105U/mL, respectively; D. The highest secretion of 2,6DMP was 0.025U/mL, 0.029U/mL, 0.067U/mL, respectively. Conclusion : Through the combination of morphological and molecular biological identification of Poria cocos, the taxonomic status of Poria YX2 was clarified, and the brown rot fungus in There is both a connection and a genetic gap in the affinity. The size of the enzymatic activity in lignocellulase in the order of mannanase > xylanase >  -glucosidase > endo- -glucanase > exo- -glucanase > -glucosidase > LiP > MnP > Laccase, and to provide a basic enzymatic reference for the study of the mechanism of action of the lignocellulase system produced by Porphyromonas.

Open Access

Article

Research on the relationship between college students’ English learning anxiety and biomechanical factors

Xuemei Guo, Xin Gu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 450 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.450

Abstract：

English learning has become essential for higher education for students throughout the world, particularly in non-English-speaking nations where fluency in the language is frequently linked to success in the classroom, employment prospects, and international communication. Learning English is an emotional as well as a cognitive endeavor for many students. Anxiety related to language acquisition, including exam anxiety, fear of rejection, and fear of communication, is a common issue that can significantly impact how well students achieve. The goal of this research is to examine the connection among biomechanical characteristics and the anxiety that college students have while learning English. Participating in this study were 326 college students in total. Participants will also complete a structured questionnaire survey on biomechanical factors, as well as supposed muscle tension, posture habits, and physical discomfort throughout English learning sessions. The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) is a validated instrument that will be used to measure English learning anxiety levels. The data was analyzed by statistical methods, including Regression analysis and Pearson correlation were utilized to ascertain the association between the English learning anxiety score and biomechanical factors. To evaluate students’ anxiety and biomechanical reactions, an ANOVA will be used. The data was analyzed using SPSS v20 software. The result established the relationship between English learning anxiety and biomechanical factors is necessary for creating more supportive learning environments. Research demonstrates that the relationship between bodily reactions and anxiety, needs to address the mental and physical components of stress, and the significance of developing more effective methods of lowering anxiety, boosting student well-being, and raising academic achievement in English learning. This research suggests the relationship between college students’ English learning anxiety and biomechanical characteristics, adding to a more complete understanding of how physical and psychological aspects impact English language learning outcomes.

Open Access

Article

Establish a novel framework for enhancing minority music genre identification

Lili Yan

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 370 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.370

Abstract：

The objective of this study is to develop a new framework based on Waterwheel Plant optimization for improving minority music genre classification using Layer-tuned Long Short-Term Memory (WP-LT-LSTM). Chinese minority music includes various musical styles of different ethnic groups in China. It depends on the specific instrumentalities, the distribution of pitch classes and rhythms, and the culture. Specifically, the proposed framework will enhance the ability to efficiently detect under represented music genres, which could have applicability for cultural sustainability and more personalized music recommendation services. For this, we collected a dataset that includes a wide range of different minority music samples in audio format. These include genre labels, artist information and audio features necessary for the training of our suggested model. Using K-fold cross validation to enhances the accuracy. Min-max Normalization is used on the obtained data to perform pre-processing. To extract the important features from the processed data, we used Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). In our proposed model, the WP algorithm dynamically adjusts LT-LSTM’s internal parameters, enhancing model adaptability. LT-LSTM processes sequential audio data, capturing temporal dependencies crucial for genre classification in minority music genres. The implemented model is executed in Python software. It evaluates the model’s performance across a range of parameters throughout the result analysis phase. We also performed comparison studies using standard methods. The results collected indicate the excellence and effectiveness of the proposed framework for music genre identification.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanics mechanism of sports promoting psychological benefits based on blockchain and intelligent network security

Peng Zhou

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 362 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.362

Abstract：

The application of intelligent network technology has realized the transformation of people’s production and lifestyle, and also promoted the transformation of physical education teaching mode. At present, the application of intelligence in the field of sports is becoming more and more powerful. Using the advanced methods and technologies of intelligent network security, this paper aimed to realize the optimization of sports under the security of intelligent network for psychological benefits and study the sports factors that promote psychological benefits. This paper proposed a target tracking algorithm to guide the integration of intelligent network and sports that promote psychological benefits. Using the target tracking in intelligent network security for reference, the biological mechanism of movement promoting psychological benefits was studied to achieve the integration between the two. In the expert evaluation results of the research on sports and psychological benefits of adolescents, creativity and subjective well-being scored the highest and the lowest, with 97.2 and 93.6 points respectively. Therefore, it is very important to use intelligent network security to study the biological mechanism of sports promoting psychological benefits.

Open Access

Article

Impact of various training programs on lower limb biomechanics in adolescent Latin dancers

Minjun Liang, Ekasak Hengsuko, Jakrin Duangkam, Yodkhwan Khantiyu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 436 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.436

Abstract：

Latin dance attracts many young dancers globally. While these adolescents exhibit flexibility and imitation skills, their muscular strength and neuromuscular control often fall short, making complex movements challenging. Thus, incorporating functional training methods is essential for enhancing performance and reducing injury risk. This study, a total of 30 adolescent female Latin dancers aged 12–14 years with at least one year of training and competition experience were recruited for this study and randomly divided into two groups: One group of 15 students (average height 154.37 ± 3.82 cm, average weight 45.31 ± 5.29 kg) received traditional Latin dance training, and the other group of 15 students (15 students average height 154.73 ± 4.28 cm, average weight 44.63 ± 4.37 kg) received traditional Latin dance training and based on traditional Latin dance training, functional exercise was carried out for 12 weeks. A Vicon motion capture system, force platform, and electromyography were used to collect biomechanical data. Paired samples t -tests assessed significant differences between groups pre- and post-intervention. The experimental group showed significant improvements post-intervention: in the sagittal plane, ankle joint angles improved by 14.01% to 52.21% ( p < 0.001); in the coronal plane, knee joint angles increased by 0% to 31.21% ( p < 0.001) and 66.67% to 100% ( p < 0.001); in the horizontal plane, hip joint angles improved by 4.99% to 76.00% ( p < 0.001). Muscle activation showed significant increases in gastrocnemius lateral ( p = 0.016), gluteus maximus ( p = 0.001), tibialis anterior ( p = 0.014), and rectus femoris ( p < 0.001). Functional training enhances joint flexibility, muscle activation, balance, and overall performance in adolescent Latin dancers. Integrating functional training into regular routines can improve athletic performance and lower injury risk, informing the development of targeted training programs.

Open Access

Article

Basketball player motion detection and motion mode analysis based on biomechanical sensors

Long Liu, Yucui Pu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 354 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.354

Abstract：

Basketball player motion detection and analysis are crucial for optimizing performance and preventing injuries. Traditional methods often rely on visual observation and video analysis, lacking precision and real-time feedback. In this study, a unique novel Intelligent Bayesian tuned-augmented Support Vector Machine (IB-ASVM) was proposed for predicting basketball players’ motion modes and performance analysis using the biomechanical sensor data. Advancements in biomechanical sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and force sensors are deployed into ESP32 to build a player’s wearable gadget. This gadget provides dynamic players with real-time sensing data. Data are transmitted to the cloud via Wi-Fi 7.0 for motion analysis and this model is stimulated using Arduino IDE. The Kalman Filter reduces noise and smoothens sensor data such as acceleration, and angular velocity. Then, the filtered data is employed in the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to capture time-frequency characteristics of motion signals, making it ideal for extracting relevant features. The featured data are utilized in the ASVM model to classify and detect the motion modes of the basketball players via IB optimization. The Tensor Flow software is used to implement the IB-ASVM model. The result demonstrates that IB-ASVM most accurately predicts the jump shot, layup, dribbling, running, pivoting, passing, free throw, and motion states of the basketball players. The IB-ASVM model accurately classifies basketball motion states using biomechanical sensor data, enhancing performance optimization and injury prevention through precise motion detection.

Open Access

Article

Evaluation and optimization of basketball tactics training effect in physical education: Application research using Decision Tree (DT) algorithm

Nan Hu, Benlong Ma

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 368 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.368

Abstract：

In this study, the decision tree (DT) technique is developed to assess the basketball strategies’ training impact on physical education (PE). The recommended DT method effectively guesses the tactics of two teams based on the locations of basketball players with only a small amount of training data. Next, using data concerning ball possession, the interaction of these teams’ tactics, and the distinctive features of basketball strategies, the DT approach changes the team’s strategies. Therefore, effective findings from prediction could be produced because the suggested DT approach predicts the team strategies that meet these requirements. The suggested DT approach is implemented using the Python platform to analyze efficiency in terms of several metrics. Additionally, the DT method’s effectiveness is contrasted with that of other approaches. Based on the results of the experiments, the suggested approach outperforms the current approaches in assessing the impact of basketball strategy instruction in physical education.

Open Access

Article

Analysis and evaluation of the effect of sports on promoting health in Traditional Wushu

Shaozhou Chen, Lijun Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 443 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.443

Abstract：

Nowadays, the analysis and evaluation of traditional sport in wushu promotes health in the assessment of practice has been proved to keep the body healthy, making it an excellent complement to regular exercise. Sports are a vital element of a participant’s growth and development and help in the development of psychological, physical health fitness of the body. Through involvement in sports and activities, a person learns numerous skills, experiences, and self-beliefs that are useful for developing their personality. The challenges to be facing in traditional wushu include a higher risk of headache, inhalation, spinal damage, arterial shatters, and neck injuries. This paper introduces the Data Mining technique (DM) for the effect of sports on promoting health in Traditional Wushu (TW) that assists the player in analyzing mutual information from health data. Presenting players with traditional wushu generates the pattern recognition outcomes of sports health-boosting operations. This research has been used to evaluate the influence of exercise on people’s well-being, demonstrating the nutritional benefits of athletics participation. The findings indicate that the model has been used for assessing and analyzing the accuracy that can significantly influence the promotion of the effect of human health enhancement.

Open Access

Article

The impact of biomechanical factors on tourist satisfaction and comfort in walking tourism: A study of Beijing’s walking tours

Huiqi Zhang, Ting Liu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 553 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.553

Abstract：

Walking tourism combines physical activity with cultural and environmental exploration, making it a growing sector of the tourism industry. This study investigates the effects of key biomechanical factors—fatigue and energy expenditure—on tourist experiences, specifically focusing on satisfaction and comfort during walking tours in Beijing. Using a structured questionnaire administered to 175 participants across various walking tour sites—including the Great Wall, Hutongs, and the Summer Palace—we collected data on perceived fatigue, energy expenditure, satisfaction, and comfort. Statistical analyses, including regression models and correlation tests conducted using SPSS, revealed that increased fatigue significantly reduces tourist satisfaction, while higher energy expenditure decreases comfort levels. These findings highlight the importance of managing physical demands in walking tours by incorporating rest periods and considering tourists’ fitness levels. The study contributes to the literature by linking biomechanical factors to tourist experiences and offers practical recommendations for tour operators to enhance the appeal and competitiveness of walking tours, ultimately leading to improved tourist satisfaction.

Open Access

Article

Molecular level analysis of the influence of natural biomaterials on aviation flame retardant performance

Yuqiang Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jing Tang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 369 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.369

Abstract：

The use of natural biomaterials in flame retardant formulations as sustainable alternatives has gained significant interest in recent years. Given the high-risk environment in which airplanes operate, aviation safety remains a top priority. Flame retardants (FRs) are crucial for preventing or reducing the spread of flames in flammable materials used in aircraft construction and interior furnishings, thus mitigating fire risks. This study aims to analyze the molecular-level influence of natural biomaterials on aviation flame retardant performance, with a focus on lignin. Lignin, a natural polymer derived from plant cell walls, offers an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional synthetic flame retardants. Lignin-based composites can be applied to various aircraft components, such as wings and fuselage. The study employs Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to investigate the molecular interactions of these biomaterials. Additionally, to assess thermal stability and degradation, Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) is utilized. The results indicate that lignin enhances flame retardancy by promoting the formation of a protective char layer and improving thermal stability. This research also provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying lignin’s effectiveness as a flame retardant and explores its potential in developing high-performance aircraft flame retardants.

Open Access

Article

Intelligent rehabilitation assistant: Application of deep learning methods in sports injury recovery

Lu Guan

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 384 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.384

Abstract：

In recent years, sports injury rehabilitation has developed into a specialized field that has forced the combination of an orthopedic surgeon, sports physiotherapist, and sports physician. Determining the appropriate time for an injured athlete to resume practice or competition is regarded as sports rehabilitation. Discovering the best solutions to avoid injuries, maximize recovery, and enhance performance is crucial for sports activities. The study introduced an intelligent rehabilitation assistant (IRA) that leverages advanced deep learning (DL) methods to enhance sports injury recovery. In this study, the IRA incorporates redefined prairie dog optimized bidirectional long-short-term memory (RPDO-Bi-LSTM) to enhance accuracy, predicting sports injury recovery. The study collected data on the state of rehabilitation, physiological parameters, and general health using wearable sensors and movement patterns. The data was preprocessed using a median filter to remove noise from sensor data. Region-based segmentation using segmented images from preprocessed data. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) using extracted features from obtained data. The IRA provides personalized recovery plans and real-time feedback. The framework consists of the components, suggested models to create quality scores for motions, measurements to quantify motion performance, and scoring of performance measurement elements into numerical quality scores. The proposed method is implemented using Python software. RPDO-Bi-LSTM presentation is evaluated by various metrics, such as accuracy 94.2% recall 98.2%, precision 96.5%, and specificity 95.2%, f1 score 95.6%, he planned technique attained good performance and improved the accuracy of sports injury recovery.

Open Access

Article

Optimization of crop tissue culture technology and its impact on biomolecular characteristics

Xue Li

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 385 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.385

Abstract：

Modern agriculture relies on crop tissue culture technology for fast propagation, genetic improvement, and protection of plant species. Conventional media like Murashige and Skoog (MS) usually lack optimal conditions for embryogenesis, necessitating the development of improved media tailored to specific crop requirements. In this article, we introduce an Efficient Grid Identified-Deep Feedforward Neurons (EGI-DFFN) to identify the ideal nutrient and vitamin levels of the crop plants for improving crop tissue culture aimed to improve crop plant growth in a lab setting by predicting callogenesis rate (CGR), embryogenesis rate (EGR), and somatic embryo number (SEN), shoot regeneration rate (SRR), rooting rate (RR).Different concentrations of ionic macronutrients, bio-molecular, and vitamins of the crop plant are the input to the predictive model, which is collected through the laboratory Callus Induction Experiment (CIE). Z -score normalization is used to preprocessing the CIE data to ensure consistent scales across different input features and improve model training performance. DFFN used discriminates to predict complex relationships and interactions between CGR, EGR, SEN, SRR, and RR with EGI tuning. The EGI-DFFN model has significantly improved crop tissue culture growth by accurately predicting the CGR, EGR, SEN, SRR, and RR respectively. The EGI-DFFN model enhances understanding of how ionic macronutrients and vitamins impact plant growth. It identifies optimal concentrations of the biomolecular to enhance somatic embryo formation and plantlet development, providing insights for optimizing crop tissue culture conditions for optimal growth outcomes.

Open Access

Article

Injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies in physical education: A machine learning-based approach using biomechanical characteristics

Mingtao Wang, Zhen Pei

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 412 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.412

Abstract：

The field of sports biomechanics employs concepts from physics, biology, and engineering to investigate the mechanical characteristics of human motion and how they affect the body’s anatomy and functions. With the development of technology, sports biomechanics has emerged as a crucial component of sports medicine, training, and rehabilitation. To reduce the risk of injury and enhance athletic performance, sports biomechanics examines motions in sports in great length. The purpose of the study is to establish injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies for physical education (PE) teaching based on biomechanical characteristics. The early warning mode of sports injuries is recognized using advanced deep learning (DL) techniques, specifically resilient convolutional neural networks (RCNN). Biomechanical data from wearable sensors is used in this study to find trends related to sports-related injuries. A questionnaire survey of 228 students from various colleges was conducted. Individualized rehabilitation strategies will be provided to injured participants, taking into account their unique biomechanical deficiencies. These programs will be created in conjunction with physical therapists, and they will be updated in response to the patient’s progress toward recovery. The study found that their sports injuries were acute and chronic. This research demonstrated the treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation strategies of injuries in sports. The study emphasizes that biomechanical analysis is crucial for improving PE programs, which will eventually enhance students’ performance and overall health.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanical differences in maximum snatch weight between elite and sub-elite weightlifters: A one-dimensional statistical parameter mapping study

Zhanyang He

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 525 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.525

Abstract：

Background: Current research primarily relies on discrete data collected at specific time points to analyze the weightlifting process, often overlooking the impact of continuous temporal changes on athletic performance. Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the one-dimensional kinematic patterns of maximum snatch weight actions in elite and sub-elite weightlifters using statistical parameter mapping (SPM). It explores kinematic differences in snatch actions between elite and sub-elite weightlifters, which assists in summarizing the technical characteristics of elite athletes. Methods: Two cameras recorded three successful maximum snatch attempts of 10 elite and 10 sub-elite weightlifters at the World Weightlifting Championships and Chinese Olympic selection competitions. Simi Motion 10.2 was used for kinematic analysis. SPM was employed for comparative analysis of snatch kinematics among different levels of weightlifters, and independent sample t-tests were used for phase duration proportions. Results: Elite weightlifters showed significant advantages in multiple movement phases: smaller knee joint angles in M1 phase ( p < 0.001, 35.82%–78.45%) and M3 phases (p = 0.047, 17.47%–24.74%; p = 0.036, 30.92%–49.38%; p = 0.040, 50.93%–65.85%); lower vertical body center of gravity (COG) height in M1 phase ( p = 0.019, 0.00%–51.08%), M3 phase ( p = 0.046, 48.27%–100.00%), and M5 phase ( p = 0.045, 38.49%–59.54%); closer displacement between barbell COG and body COG in M1 phase ( p = 0.006, 0%–38.18%; p = 0.048, 43.91%–48.94%) and M2 phase ( p = 0.026, 0%–100%); greater barbell acceleration in M5 phase ( p < 0.001, 0%–94.61%); and slower barbell descent speed in M6 phase ( p = 0.001, 0%–30.58%; p = 0.046, 44.57%–51.37%; p = 0.048, 67.16%–72.41%). Moreover, elite weightlifters exhibited significantly higher phase duration proportions in M1 phase ( p = 0.034, d = 1.03) than sub-elite weightlifters. Conclusion: Elite weightlifters demonstrated longer distance and time exerting work on the barbell in M1 phase, less energy consumption in barbell ascent in M2 phase, and greater upward power gain for the barbell in M1 and M3 phases. They showed faster squat-to-barbell catching speed in M4 phase and excellent braking and precise squat-to-barbell catching capabilities in M5 and M6 phases.

Open Access

Article

Biological analysis of shoulder joint muscle strength during volleyball spike specific physical training

Guishen Yu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 287 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.287

Abstract：

Volleyball spike requires extremely high shoulder joint muscle strength. Traditional research methods are single, with insufficient sample size, lack multidimensional analysis and long-term training effect evaluation, and have not fully combined biomechanical and physiological theories. This article combined biomechanical and physiological theories to collect field data and used a three-dimensional motion capture system and surface electromyography technology to analyze the performance of shoulder joint muscle strength in spiking. The experimental results show that Integrated Biomechanics and Physiology (IBP) is significantly superior to other training methods in improving the maximum strength, endurance, and muscle activation of the shoulder joint. Specific data show that after IBP training, the maximum strength of the shoulder joint increased by 50 N, and the endurance increased by 19.6%, and the muscle activation increased by 13.5%. Studies have shown that the IBP method has great potential for application in optimizing special physical training, providing a scientific basis for athletes’ physical training.

Open Access

Article

Wearable device data-driven athlete injury detection and rehabilitation monitoring algorithm

Yucui Pu, Long Liu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 361 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.361

Abstract：

In recent years, sports wearable technology has completely changed the way athletes prepare, compete, and recover. Wearable technology has a lot to offer in the rehabilitation process, which is essential to an athlete’s return to their best performance. Wearable devices for athlete injury detection pose potential challenges like data quality, security, and privacy, impacting accuracy, reliability, and effectiveness. To solve these problems, an innovative injury detection and rehabilitation monitoring (IDRM) system was proposed for athletes. By employing an adjustable recurrent neural network (ARNN) to detect anomalies in injury risks such as abnormal joint movements in athletes. In this study, biomechanics data was collected from sports athletes through wearable devices, and the wearable system provided feedback to the user. A redefined convolutional neural network (RCNN) was utilized to monitor the rehabilitation process. This system tracks athlete’s rehabilitation progress and ensures that progress monitors were performed correctly, and the system, feasibility was evaluated on 10 healthy subjects performing 4 different rehabilitation exercises. Each exercise was performed four times monitoring and validation. The data was preprocessed using a Gaussian filter to remove noise from the obtained data. Then the features are extracted using independent component analysis (ICA) for dimensionality reduction from preprocessed data. The proposed method is implemented using Python software. In comparative analysis, the performance of ARNN showed high performance, with an F1-measure of 91.6%, accuracy of 93.5%, recall of 92.8%, and precision of 91.4%. With a 95% accuracy rate, 98% F1 measure, 94% precision, and 93% recall, the RCNN model functioned effectively. The result showed the proposed method achieved better performance in athlete injury detection and accurately recognizing all rehabilitation monitoring. This study provides a complete approach to athlete health management by highlighting the integration of rehabilitation monitoring and injury detection into an overall structure.

Open Access

Article

Low-carbon transformation and ecological safeguarding in the Yellow River Basin: Integrating biomechanical and biological insights

Yunshu Zhang, Yue Wei

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 408 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.408

Abstract：

This research, titled “Low-carbon transformation and ecological safeguarding in the Yellow River Basin: Integrating biomechanical and biological insights” explores the interplay between economic activities, land use changes, and environmental impact. Through regression analyses and assessments of land use alterations, the study identifies significant provincial variations in factors influencing carbon emissions. In addition to the socio-economic factors, the research incorporates insights from biomechanics and biology, drawing parallels between the ecological systems of the Yellow River Basin and biological processes such as energy efficiency and resource allocation in living organisms. For instance, just as organisms optimize energy usage and adapt to external stressors, the proposed low-carbon strategies aim to optimize resource use and improve the resilience of the basin’s ecosystem. Proposed strategies for low-carbon transformation provide a practical roadmap for sustainable development, informed by biological principles like ecological balance, regeneration, and the importance of maintaining biodiversity. These principles reflect how biomechanical systems, such as musculoskeletal structures, balance energy expenditure and repair to maintain functionality under strain, similar to how ecosystems must manage resource cycles to withstand environmental stressors. The integration of socio-economic indicators, alongside biological and biomechanical insights, underscores the need for region-specific policies that consider not only economic factors but also the natural regenerative capacities of the ecosystem. The study suggests that, like biological systems that repair and adapt to maintain homeostasis, the Yellow River Basin’s ecological processes can be guided by sustainable management practices to ensure long-term resilience and stability. In conclusion, the research contributes valuable insights to the global discourse on balancing economic growth with ecological preservation in the ecologically vital Yellow River Basin, highlighting how the integration of biomechanical and biological principles can enhance both ecological safeguarding and low-carbon transformation strategies.

Open Access

Article

Media image transmission and privacy protection for internet of things security

Huibao Wen

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 367 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.367

Abstract：

Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming more popular with the increase in advancements of technology and is widely used in various sectors. The data are collected from the real environment and then transmitted over the networks. Due to their restricted resources, processing capacity, and memory, IoT gadgets are susceptible to certain security risks. Several encryption methodologies were established to provide safe communication between IoT devices with minimal computing cost and bandwidth consumption, due to the rise in media date. This research proposes a revolutionary compact pixel crypto (CPC) technique that can accommodate the modest transmission speeds of IoT gadgets. The suggested techniques reduces the computational burden and data quantity by encrypting the image data using pixel driven selective encryption and bloke scanning compression. The suggested method’s effectiveness is examined using the network simulator (NS-2) platform. According to the findings of the experiments, the suggested method outperforms the previous approaches in terms of both packet rate and energy usage. The proposed approach shortens the time needed for node side encryption and decryption operations with improving the system’s energy effectiveness and connectivity performance.

Open Access

Article

Research on physical health assessment and intervention strategies for college students based on biomarkers

Zhihai He, Shuaishuai Xu, Zhonglou Zhang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 402 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb402

Abstract：

Effective physical health assessments and intervention strategies are crucial for college students, who often face unique stressors that can impact their physiological health. In this analysis, we explore how biomarkers can be utilized to assess physical health and the efficacy of targeted interventions for this demographic. Hypotheses were developed based on the three intervention groups: (1) a face-to-face intervention group receiving a tailored wellness program, (2) an Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets intervention group using a health management assessment, and (3) a control group with only baseline and follow-up measurements. College students ( n = 204) were randomized into these groups. Biomarkers related to stress and inflammation (e.g., cortisol levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) were measured at baseline, post-intervention (10 weeks), and follow-up (36 weeks). Psychological and physical health outcomes were also assessed using standardized questionnaires. The Mixed-Effects Models, ANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the differences between groups, changes in biomarkers over time, and the relationships between psychological, physiological, and lifestyle variables. Results indicated that the face-to-face wellness group demonstrated significantly better physical health outcomes compared to both the IoT gadgets group and control group, with diet modification showing the highest effectiveness, followed by physical activity and stress management interventions.

Open Access

Article

Biomechanics intervention promotes college students’ English vocabulary acquisition and mental health

Qi Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 459 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb459

Abstract：

The ability to access and use vocabulary effectively is critical to academic performance. Strong English vocabulary is important for college students because they will not only understand course material but also engage in discussion and writing activities, and interact with colleagues and teachers. However, the word order learning can be difficult, often leading to dissatisfaction and decreased desire students. The effectiveness of biomechanical intervention college students improves their mental health and develop vocabulary in English. A total of 145 college students participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to group A, which received a biomechanics-based exercise program, and group B, which received a traditional physical activity (PA) program. Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure mental health indicators, including anxiety, stress, and overall well-being. The questionnaires used included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), a well-established tool in psychological research. This research conducted tests that assessed various aspects of vocabulary knowledge, including word recognition, meaning, and usage in context. The data was analyzed using statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. ANOVA was to analyze connections between two groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 29 software. The results showed that it significantly improved English vocabulary acquisition and cognition health in Group A. These students also reported well, if low, mental health levels of stress and anxiety increased well-being in general. This study emphasizes biomechanics, which can be incorporated into language learning, showing increased PA. Vocabulary acquisition and positively influence mental health. The results showed that significantly improved English vocabulary acquisition and cognition health in Group A. These students also reported good, if low, mental health levels of stress and anxiety and increased well-being in general.

Open Access

Article

Enhancing sound source localization and music teaching through integrated computational resource allocation

Yue Zhang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 355 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb355

Abstract：

In contemporary educational and computational settings, the incorporation of cutting-edge technologies like sound source localization and personalized music teaching helps in offering an effective resource allocation strategies. Previous systems for sound localization and music teaching frequently lacked real-time flexibility and effective resource use, reducing their efficiency in dynamic learning settings and tasks involving computation. To overcome these shortcomings, the SoundLocMusicTeachRA (SLMTRA) algorithm is presented, a single, integrated platform made to maximize sound localization accuracy, improve music teaching efficiency, and enhance computational resource oversight. However, the existing study did not highlight the importance of computation resource allocation but this proposed algorithm will address it. SLMTRA uses a new Bagging ensemble approach incorporating Random Forest (RF), Decision Trees (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), with hyperparameter tuning to enhance the effectiveness of the approach. These classifiers are trained utilizing sound localization datasets from recordings made with microphones, music teaching feedback datasets from data on student performance, and resource allocation datasets from metrics for computer utilization. Experimental findings indicate SLMTRA’s high accuracy in sound source localization, improved music teaching feedback capacities, as well as effective resource allocation tactics, guaranteeing the best performance of the system. The implementation of SLMTRA represents a noteworthy development in combining sound localization, music teaching, and resource allocation within a unified computational framework, offering a more flexible and effective system compared to previous methodologies.

Open Access

Article

Industrialization and innovation strategy of event resources in ice and snow sports under the background of big data

Hongli Zhang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 406 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb406

Abstract：

This article examines the industrialization and innovative strategy of event resources in ice and snow sports in the context of big data. Based on this analysis, the article proposes a path and development strategy for the Chinese sports industry, which includes encouraging the industrialization of the nation’s ice and snow sports industry. It is important to evaluate ice and snow sports in order to improve competitive results and optimize training techniques using big data technologies. Despite using a variety of techniques to evaluate performance, their inability to fully capture the complex patterns found in ice and snow sports events presents difficulties. In order to assess and enhance sports talents, therefore we proposed a new method using ISSE-Apriori algorithms. The pre-processed data gathered before extracting the most important and relevant features. The experiment results section analyzes the resources of ice and snow sports cities. The results examine sports event strategies, taking into account predictions and actual accuracy results, the GDP growth rate, the efficiency of industrial development, and a comparison of Apriori before and after enhancement. The experimental result is validating using measures like recall, accuracy, and precision. In addition, we conducted a comparative analysis with the current approaches to confirm the efficiency and robustness of the proposed methodology. The Suggested approach is implemented with Python Software. The Suggested Approach’s performance is measured in terms of RMSE (0.3524), MAE (0.1832), MAPE (4.24) with large dataset. The results stated that the proposed methodology has provided an accuracy of 98.42%.

Open Access

Article

Innovation in physical education teaching based on biomechanics feedback: Design and evaluation of personalized training programs

H. ZhaoriGetu, Chen Li

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 403 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb403

Abstract：

Psychometric training is a learning and development process that is tied to the requirements and interests of individual learners. The effectiveness and the fun of workout practices can be greatly enhanced by using more personal methods in training. These programs entail tailoring workouts to the fitness level and aims of every participant, as well as their perception of the workout plans. The suggestion of this investigation is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of individual physical training for teachers focused on biomechanics feedback. Proper body alignment is crucial during any exercise to avoid injuries and achieve maximum results; it is always difficult to sustain correct posture. For motion tracking and to give real-time biomechanics feedback to the students in this study, a refined convolutional neural network (RCNN) has been presented. Filming was done using high-speed cameras and motion capture systems to capture biomechanical responses, which included joint angle, muscle activation patterns, and body posture during activities. This study involved 158 participants drawn from different learning institutions. This approach offers rational and specific feedback on the postures of the body; it enables people to correct themselves and sustain motivation without engaging a trainer. In this study, participants with different levels of fitness engaged with the interactive system were compared to the traditional training method. The result indicated a positive shift in the delivery of personalized training with biomechanics feedback on the system’s potential teaching aid in physical education classes. The study, thus underscores the importance of technology supporting change in physical education programs to improve the student’s learning experiences and their performance in exercises.

Open Access

Article

Bioelectrical stimulation therapy for muscle injuries in aerobics athletes

Jian Chen

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 268 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb268

Abstract：

This article aims to explore the recovery effect of the bioelectrical stimulation therapy on muscle injuries in aerobics athletes. Non-invasive medical techniques are adopted to activate muscle tissue through electrical currents, promoting muscle contraction ability and functional recovery. This article selects 100 aerobics athletes with muscle injuries through questionnaire surveys and interviews. The Modulo Plus electrical stimulation device is used, and personalized treatment plans are set. Muscle changes before and after treatment are monitored using electromyography and ultrasound technology. In the single-blind experiment, in the fourth week, the pain score of the experimental group decreases to 2.4 points; the functional recovery score increases to 75.2 points; the flexibility measurement reaches 19.2 cm. In the case-control study, the bioelectrical stimulation therapy cures all athletes in the sixth week, exceeding the conventional therapy’s 35 patients, and has a lower recurrence rate. In the cohort study, athletes who use the bioelectrical stimulation therapy for a long time have a shorter average recovery time of 15.3 days and a recurrence rate of 16%. In the muscle recovery experiment, in the eighth week after treatment, the electromyographic activity level of the experimental group increases to 58.6 μV; the muscle thickness increases to 4.3 mm; the echo intensity increases to 63.1 dB; the fatigue characteristic score drops to 2.1. These data indicate that the bioelectrical stimulation therapy has significant effects in reducing pain, promoting functional recovery, improving flexibility, shortening recovery time, and reducing recurrence rates and pain scores, thereby providing an effective treatment option for the recovery of muscle injuries in aerobics athletes.

Open Access

Article

A longitudinal analysis of psychological, physiological, and rehabilitation outcomes in basketball players following acute sports injuries

Weili Zhao, Tao Zhang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 451 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb451

Abstract：

This cross-sectional study examines psychological behavior, biological factors, and rehabilitation treatment concerning acute sports injuries involving basketball players. Psychological trauma is also prevalent whereby athletes develop anxiety, depression and or fear that slow down their healing process and inability. The present study is a naturalistic cohort design where 50 basketball players with an injury completing self-report measures such as DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale) and biological markers, cortisol level at monthly intervals for 12 months. Qualitative data in the form of interviews conducted after treatment, or quantitative data from neuropsychological examinations, are employed to determine therapeutic impacts of CBT and/or specified individual rehabilitation plans in changing psychological effects, regain biological functions, and the speed of physical rehabilitation. Current data analyzed evidence lower level of stress, cortisol, beneficial shifts in cardiovascular, respiratory patterns, and aspects of rehabilitation outcomes in the player receiving both psychological and physical-motor interventions in comparison to the group receiving only physical-motor treatment. Based on the developed arguments it can be seen that the mental health and the biological issues also matter thus boosting the believably of better rehabilitation for athletes.

Open Access

Article

Research on innovative design of intelligent wearable products based on human machine engineering and bionics

Yajing Hou, Ximing Xia, Jun Wang, Wenbing Zhu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 461 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb461

Abstract：

Designing intelligent wearable products entails integrating human factors, engineering, and bionics to develop ergonomic, efficient and convenient products. Human-machine engineering is a discipline that addresses the integration between the user wearing a particular system and improving the relationship between the user and the system. At the same time, bionics is an approach that aims to mimic biological systems and structures to enhance the performance of a particular product. This research explores the possibility of integrating these specializations to design new and enhanced wearable technology products with improved usability, convenience, and flexibility for practical usage. A detailed analysis of human biomechanics and ergonomic requirements established design parameters to ensure that wearable devices could be seamlessly integrated into daily life without hindering user movement. Bionic principles, such as the flexibility of animal joints and the energy-efficient movements of natural organisms, were applied to optimize the mechanical and structural aspects of the devices. This approach enabled the creation of products that mimic the natural dynamics of the human body, offering improved responsiveness and functionality. Prototypes were developed based on human-centred design principles and evaluated using simulation and testing environments. Wearables such as exoskeletons, bright clothing, and health-monitoring devices were examined for their ability to adapt to various physical conditions and environmental changes. Results demonstrate a significant increase in user comfort, reduction in mechanical strain, and enhanced performance, validating the effectiveness of integrating human-machine engineering and bionics in wearable design.

Open Access

Article

Integrating kinetic dynamics into sculpture and pottery for improved artistic form and structural stability

Yi Zhu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 456 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb456

Abstract：

This study investigates the impact of integrating kinetic dynamics into creating sculptures and pottery to enhance structural stability and artistic form. Traditional methods often prioritize aesthetics over structural resilience, whereas this research aims to assess whether kinetic principles can improve both aspects. Art pieces were divided into two groups: one created using traditional techniques (Control Group) and another using kinetic dynamics (experimental group). Key variables such as stress resistance, load capacity, aesthetic fluidity, and durability under environmental stressors were measured. The experimental group exhibited a significant improvement in stress resistance, with a mean increase of 22.4% compared to the Control Group ( p = 0.0001). Aesthetic fluidity scores were also higher in the experimental group, averaging 8.6 compared to 7.0 in the Control Group ( p = 0.00001). Additionally, the experimental group demonstrated superior durability, with a 16.7% increase in strength retention under humidity, temperature fluctuations, and mechanical vibrations ( p = 0.00001). These key findings suggest that integrating kinetic dynamics enhances the structural integrity of sculptures and pottery and improves their aesthetic appeal and environmental resilience. The results provide a compelling case for applying kinetic principles in art, offering new opportunities for artists to create visually striking and durable works.

Open Access

Article

Research on the mechanism of the effect of music rhythm synchronization training on biomechanics gait optimization and rehabilitation outcome

Yutao Zhao

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 390 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb390

Abstract：

The integration of movements or activities that match the beat of music is known as music rhythm synchronization (MRS). Excessive musical tempo can enhance motor abilities and general movement efficiency and it requires synchronizing physical activities like walking or exercising. Enhancing the speed of movement that leads to quick walking, longer step length symmetric, and functional walking ability. The training with MRS mechanism, this research aims to analyze the movement in biomechanics, optimization, and the findings of rehabilitation impacts. This research utilizes 75 participants with Parkinson’s illness and they are divided into two categories group A with training in MRS mechanism and received traditional mechanism training in group B. This research explores the training in MRS mechanism-affected biomechanics movements are performed by utilizing the pre-post method by providing more evaluations. The three-week supervised rehabilitation program presenting the MRS has been followed by the two-week follow-up stage as a part of the intervention. There are two significant deviation estimations in the patterns of normal gait like the gait variable score (GVS) and gait profile score (GPS). The regression analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, and paired sample t-test, which are the data assessment techniques are evaluated by utilizing the SPSS statistical software for the performance. The conclusion demonstrates the MRS mechanism training significantly improved gait biomechanics. The GPS score shows the enhanced overall quality of gait and it decreased significantly. These findings illustrate the potential of the MRS mechanism training mechanism in improving gait biomechanics and producing excellent rehabilitation outcomes.

Open Access

Article

Exploring the effect of walking patterns on pathway design in landscape architecture using gait analysis

Wanying Yang, Chao Wen, Baogang Lin

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 435 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb435

Abstract：

This study investigates the impact of pathway design on human walking patterns using advanced gait analysis techniques to inform landscape architecture. By analyzing key gait parameters such as stride length, cadence, walking speed, step width, and foot placement angles, this research seeks to identify how various pathway features—such as surface material, slope, curvature, and width—influence walking behaviour. Data is collected through motion capture systems and wearable sensors from diverse participants, including individuals of different ages and physical abilities. Statistical methods, including Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), are applied to determine significant differences in walking patterns across pathway types, while ML techniques, such as k-means clustering, classify participants based on their walking strategies. The results offer data-driven insights into how different pathway designs affect walking efficiency and comfort. For example, pathways with a slope of 10% reduced WS by 14% compared to flat pathways, while surfaces like gravel increased Foot Placement Angles by 18% compared to concrete, impacting stability. The study provides practical recommendations for creating pathways that support natural human movement, such as ensuring step width and stride length remain consistent across varied surface types by designing smooth transitions between different materials. The study emphasizes the importance of designing inclusive, accessible pathways that accommodate the needs of diverse user groups. For instance, individuals with mobility challenges exhibited a 12% increase in step width on sloped surfaces, suggesting that gentler inclines and smoother textures are essential for accessibility. The findings contribute to LA by offering evidence-based guidelines that optimize pathways’ functionality and user experience in outdoor environments. These guidelines include maintaining a pathway slope below 5% for universal accessibility and using surface materials like concrete or permeable pavers that balance durability and comfort, promoting sustainability and user-centred design.

Open Access

Article

Analyze the physical interaction between the user and the furniture design to optimize comfort and functionality

Mingxing Gao

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 457 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb457

Abstract：

The physical interaction between users and furniture is pivotal in determining comfort and functionality, particularly in environments where individuals spend extended periods, such as offices, homes, and public spaces. This study aims to analyze how different furniture designs impact user comfort, postural stability, and long-term usability. By employing a hybrid research framework combining observational studies, simulations, and advanced technological tools such as motion tracking, pressure mapping, and biomechanical sensors, the research provides a comprehensive evaluation of user-furniture interaction. The study involved 178 participants with diverse demographic backgrounds, allowing for a broad range of body types, ages, and activity levels to be examined. Key findings indicate that ergonomic features such as adjustable seat height, lumbar support, and reclining mechanisms significantly enhance comfort, particularly when customized to the user’s anthropometric profile. For example, adjustable seat height reduced pressure on the thighs, improving comfort by 8.5% over prolonged periods. Additionally, lumbar support was the most compelling feature in alleviating muscle strain, improving overall comfort by 9.0%. The analysis of long-term comfort revealed that postures supporting dynamic movements, such as using a standing desk, maintained higher comfort levels over time compared to static postures like leaning forward, which showed a marked increase in muscle fatigue. Postural stability analysis showed that sitting at a 90° angle provided the best balance of stability and long-term comfort, with a usability rating 8.4. In contrast, leaning forward exhibited the lowest postural stability and the highest discomfort, making it unsuitable for prolonged tasks.

Open Access

Article

The effect of simulated basketball game load on patellar tendon load during stop-jump movement

Dongxu Wang, Fengping Li, Julien S. Baker, Penhui Zhang, Zhenghui Lu, Jingyao Yu, Minjun Liang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 292 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb292

Abstract：

Patellar tendinopathy (PT) is frequently observed among basketball players, particularly in sports involving repetitive jumping movements. However, the overall impact of accumulated exercise load on the patellar tendon is still not fully comprehended. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine how a simulated basketball game affects the biomechanics of stop-jump movements, specifically focusing on the effects on the patellar tendon. The kinematic and kinetic data were collected immediately after the warm-up and each phase of the simulated basketball game (P1, P2, P3, and P4). A musculoskeletal model was built to calculate patellar tendon force (PTF) and the key biomechanical metrics during the horizontal landing and vertical jumping phases were explored separately, followed by correlation analyses. Linear regression analyses were performed on variables strongly correlated with PTF. The accumulation of load led to significant differences ( p < 0.05) in the angles, velocities, torques, work contributions, peak patellar tendon force (PTF), and anterior-posterior ground reaction force (APGRF) observed during the landing and vertical jump phases at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. PTF showed strong correlations with knee flexion angle, knee extension angular velocity, ankle plantarflexion angular velocity, and APGRF, with R 2 values of 0.50, 0.58, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively. PTF significantly decreased in P3 and P4, possibly due to the subjects’ adaptation and adjustment of their stop-jump posture strategy after load accumulation, including reducing knee and hip flexion angles and decreasing the net knee extension moment.

Open Access

Article

Research on the required coefficient of friction and muscle force during recovery from unexpected slip

Liming Song, Zhiyu Min

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 235 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb235

Abstract：

The required friction coefficient (RCOF) and muscle force are significant of exploring the human body recovery strategy after an unexpected slip. This paper quantitatively studied the muscle force distribution and response characteristics after an unexpected slip in conjunction with the variation of the required coefficient of friction (RCOF). Twenty healthy subjects were recruited for this research. Ground reaction force and gait motion data were collected by using the Vicon Motion System and AMTI force platforms. The required friction coefficient was calculated based on the ground reaction force. A musculoskeletal model was built in the Any Body Modeling System to determine the muscle forces. The results show that the RCOF changes significantly ( p < 0.001) and approaches 0 at 12% of the gait cycle when a slip occurs, compared to non-slip conditions. During the recovery process, the values of semitendinosus, tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, and lateral gastrocnemius increase by 27%, 103%, 34% and 61%, respectively. After successful recovery, there is no substantial change in muscle force in the selected muscles except for biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius, and lateral gastrocnemius. This research suggests that biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and semitendinosus are with a greater impact on recovery after an unexpected slip. The paper will assist in rehabilitation training, developing effective anti-slip strategies, and conducting bipedal robot stability studies.

Open Access

Article

Stem cells application in frailty

Li Liu, Ziyang Lin, Xianlong Zhang, Mingjie Liang, Fengxin Kang, Yiqi Yang, Xiongsi Tan, Junzheng Yang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 314 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb314

Abstract：

Frailty can be defined as a systematic physiological decline that typically occurs in the nervous, muscular, metabolic, and immune systems of the older people. A multitude of risk factors have been identified to contribute to cause or exacerbate frailty, these risk factors lead to a heightened complexity and difficulty in preventing and treating frailty, which seriously threatens the health and well-being of the elderly people. Because of the unique characteristic of stem cells, including being a convenient source, low immunogenicity, and multi-directional differentiation potential, considerable advancements have been made in the field of frailty research. In this review, we summarized the impacts of the main risk factors, including genetic factors, ageing, sex differences, polypharmacy, malnutrition and unhealthy lifestyles in the onset and progression of frailty, provided an overview of the recent research progress in preclinical and clinical applications of stem cells in frailty, and discussed application limitations of stem cells in frailty and proposed the possible solutions. It was concluded that stem cells represent an ideal potential treatment method for frailty, offering significant advantages in terms of convenience, immunogenicity, and pluripotency.

Open Access

Article

Exploration of piano performers’ music performance status and psychological health assessment based on data mining and biomechanics

Wenjie Zhu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 462 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb462

Abstract：

The mental, physical, and social features of health are all essential for overall comfort. It impacts the way individuals’ behavior themselves and works in day-to-day life, which affects their capacity to manage stress, communicate with someone else, and make decisions. For pianists, supporting high performance status entails not just technological mastery but also the capacity to handle physical and mental stresses. The study aims to evaluate the connection between the music performance level of pianists and psychological health based on novel data mining and biomechanics. In this study, a novel Drosophila Food Search refined support vector machine (DFS-RSVM) is proposed to evaluate the psychological health of piano performers. Psychological health factors, including stress, anxiety, and mental health focus, are related to piano musical performance. The study collected biomechanical data and sensor data correlated to posture, hand activities, muscle activity, and finger force. The data was preprocessed, utilizing normalization for the gathered data. Discrete wavelet transforms were applied to the features extracted from the dataset. The outcomes exposed the important relations between biomechanical stressors throughout piano performance and mental health, emphasizing the need for a suspicious strategy for mental health concerns. The results demonstrated the DFS-RSVM achieved superior performance and enhanced the health and performance of musicians, contributing to improved support for their physical and psychological well-being compared to other existing algorithms.

Open Access

Article

The effect of core strength training on basketball players’ shooting percentage

Peiyu Xue

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 452 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb452

Abstract：

This study focused on how basketball players’ shooting percentages are affected by core strength training (CST), which is essential since it offers important information for improving athletic performance. Assessing the effects of an 8-week CST program on the shooting skill and stability of male basketball players was the primary objective of this study. The study involved 30 male healthy athletes, with 15 in the experimental group having heights of 190.2 cm and body weight of 88.2 kg, and 15 in the control group having heights of 8.17 cm. Both groups were evaluated using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and shooting tests for two-point and three-point areas within 60s. Both the SEBT and the shooting test underwent statistical analysis using a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed significant group-time interactions for various lower extremity regions, including the left and right sides during the initial and final SEBT assessments ( p < 0.05). Additionally, substantial differences were observed between the two-point and three-point areas during pre- and post-shot testing within the group-time interaction. The outcomes underscored the positive impact of the 8-week CST program on the balance and shooting performance of male basketball players.

Open Access

Article

Effects of weaning stress and Bacillus licheniformis intervention on rumen and intestinal microflora of Hu lambs

Shengdong Li, Zanariah Hashim

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 439 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb439

Abstract：

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of early weaning on the diversity of rumen and intestinal microbiota in Hu lambs, and the role of adding Bacillus licheniformis to the ration in regulating weaning stress in lambs. Ninety newborn Hu lambs with natural delivery and birth weight close to (3.82 ± 0.46 kg) were selected for the experiment, and were randomly divided into three treatment groups: normal weaning group (CON group, 49 d weaning), early weaning group (EW group, 21 d weaning), and B. licheniformis group (BL group, fed with 60 mg/kg BW B. licheniformis, viable count ≥ 2 × 10 9 cfu/g, weaned at 21 d), were slaughtered at 26, 35, and 63 d, rumen contents, rumen fluid samples, and jejunal segments were collected for subsequent experiments. The results showed that weaning stress reduced the abundance and diversity of flora in the rumen and jejunal contents and mucosa of lambs in the short term, but allowed the flora to enter a steady state earlier without affecting the final flora abundance and diversity, early feeding of B. licheniformis helped to restore the abundance of some genera in the rumen and jejunum of lambs.

Open Access

Article

Optimizing badminton training plan with artificial intelligence assisted system: A preliminary study

Huan Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 476 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb476

Abstract：

Sports today are heavily reliant on modern technology, making it significant to device efficient methods for receiving valuable information from data. Because machine learning (ML) procedures can handle large datasets, they have been shown to be useful in the treatment of biomechanical data. Sympathetically, these aspects are essential to exploiting training in badminton, where quick reflexes, agility, and accurate actions are significant for presentation. To recover training and assist coaches and athletes in receiving the best out of their training plans, this development aims to develop a system that employs artificial intelligence (AI) to classify among beginner and expert badminton players. Using wearable sensors in a cross-sectional study in a badminton training center, assembly anthropometric and biomechanical data are achieved from both skilled and beginner players. Movement data, such as shuttlecock speed, muscle activity, and footwork dynamics, were recorded by these sensors. Adaptive jelly fish searches Optimized extreme gradient boosting (AJFSO-XGB) method was trained on this data, with the most precise model being further refined through hyper parameter tuning. It is interesting to observe that the AJFSO-XGB technique showed a significantly higher capacity to categorize expert players, an ability that is essential for customizing practices and tactics to enhance performance. These results indicate that improving player growth and optimizing badminton practices can achieve accuracy of 97.05%, F1-scoreof 97.23%, precision of 97.52%, recall of 97.27% and training time of 350 (sec) with the help of an AI-assisted system.

Open Access

Article

Evaluation of the impact of intelligent logistics systems based on biosensors on food preservation effect

Junyang Huo

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 460 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb460

Abstract：

Intelligent logistics systems have been advanced enough to connect with biosensors to act as an innovation in the food industry especially in food preservation. In this paper, the author assesses the effectiveness of the utilization of intelligent logistics systems particularly biosensors on food preservation efficiency considering the capability of the technologies to provide real-time environmental information including temperature, humidity, and contamination scenarios. They refer here to biosensors embedded in packaging or storage units so that they can monitor the relevant data and make adjustments when necessary all over the supply chain. This kind of data can be used to allow intelligent logistics systems to make logistics decisions on how to best preserve perishable goods minimize cases of spoilage and increase the shelf life of such products. Using a multiple case study methodology, in this research the authors analyse the experiences of food supply chains that have implemented biosensor logistics. The study focuses on the effects of reducing food waste in terms of qualitative measurement of food preservation, along with increased benefits for food producers, distributors and sellers. Additionally, the paper discusses how biosecurity technology solutions are restricted technologically, financially, and in terms of their application in biosensors for various sections of the food chain. This research shows that the integration of the biosensors into the logistics system creates a positive impact on the challenge of food preservation especially in temperature-sensitive and perishable products including fruits and vegetables, dairy products and seafood. However, global implementation has some challenges which include; initial costs associated with implementation and enormous infrastructural support. The recommendations of this specific paper concern the proposed deployment strategy of biosensors in intelligent logistics.

Open Access

Article

Design and evaluation of comprehensive rehabilitation plan for functional recovery of tennis players’ knee joint injuries

Shunyong Wang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 427 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb427

Abstract：

Tennis is a popular game among people of all ethnicities. During the game, players work their lower limbs intensively, which leads to their knee joints getting very painful and injured. Many injuries can be sustained during play, including ligament sprains, tears to the meniscus, and pains to the patellar tendon due to sudden stops, changes of direction, and twist running. To understand the mechanics of these injuries, there is an obligatory use of biomechanical techniques that allow one to determine the exact loads and movements that lead to these injuries. The study is to evaluate the efficiency of the complex rehabilitation record aimed at restoring the functions of the injured knee joints in tennis players. One hundred forty-six tennis players with a past of knee joint troubles were included. The subjects were separated into two groups: Group A prescribed a rehabilitation program, while Group B underwent standard treatment. To determine the result of the rehabilitation program on the participants’ physical state, data such as joint angles, gait analysis, and force measurements were collected. The treatment program included rehabilitation approaches, such as active range of motion, flexibility exercises, muscle balance, static and dynamic strength training, and others. With respect to statistical analysis, the obtained data were tested by ANOVA, t -tests, logistic regression and correlation to assess functional outcome variances within and among the groups. Thus, the data were analyzed using SPSS. In functional outcomes, between Group A and Group B, the treatment outcome was significantly improved due to the intensive comprehensive rehabilitation program. Long-term recovery satisfaction among the athletes improved with time, confirming the benefits of a well-structured rehabilitation provision. The current research report offers substantial perspectives on the improvement of recovery programs drawn for tennis players. It highlights the importance of a tailored sports rehabilitation program in optimizing performance and minimizing the risk of injuries recurring.

Open Access

Article

Prevalence and contributing factors of neck pain among Taibah University students: A posture and Gender-Based analysis

Ayman Alhammad, Husam Almalki, Ibrahim Suliman, Asim Alhelali, Mohammed Alhjili, Omar Althomali

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 343 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb343

Abstract：

Objective: Neck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition that impacts individuals globally, significantly affecting health and quality of life. For college students, factors like poor posture and gender differences may play a role in the prevalence of neck pain. Our aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of neck pains among Taibah University students, with particular emphasis on the influence of posture and gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1153 college students of Taibah University. The questionnaire answered by the participants, which assessed the presence and severity of neck pain, daily activities, and posture habits. A physical examination was also conducted to identify forward head posture and other postural deviations. Statistical data analysis such as chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed to explore the associations between neck pain, posture, and gender. Results: The study found that 95.4% of participants reported experiencing neck pain, with a notably higher prevalence among female (72.1%) compared to male (27.9%). Poor posture, especially forward head posture, was common among those with neck pain. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between the prevalence of neck pain and both gender and posture ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that neck pain is prevalent among college students at Taibah University, with female and those exhibiting poor posture being more affected. These results highlight the need for educational and ergonomic interventions to promote proper posture and reduce the incidence of neck pain in this population.

Open Access

Article

Utilization of generative adversarial networks (GANs) in the replication and restoration of calligraphy art

Xiaojun Zhu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 563 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb563

Abstract：

With the continuous integration of culture and technology, the replication and restoration of calligraphy art has become a new direction in the restoration of traditional calligraphy and painting. The research on the replication and restoration of calligraphy art is of great significance in contemporary art. However, the accuracy and authenticity of the replicas in the process of replication and restoration calligraphy art are not high, and there are significant differences in material selection. This paper started with GAN (Generative Adversarial Network), collected a large amount of image data from calligraphy art works, trained a generative adversarial network, and used the trained model to process calligraphy art works. Compared with traditional replication techniques, the cost, restoration efficiency, and cultural inheritance and recognition of the two in calligraphy art replication were analyzed. Research has found that the highest score for the restoration of calligraphy art quality using traditional methods can only reach 89.9 points (out of a total of 100 points), while the highest score for GAN can reach 96.4 points. Moreover, the application of GAN can save the cost of calligraphy art for restoration, improve restoration efficiency, and enable flexible application in different scenarios.

Open Access

Review

The stem cells applications in sport injuries

Li Liu, Ziyang Lin, Junzheng Yang

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 317 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb.v21i2.317

Abstract：

A variety of injuries may occur in the human body during exercise or sport, including skin scratches, soft tissue sprains, dislocations, and fractures. These injuries, which are commonly referred to as “sport-induced,” have the potential to result in further deterioration, including meniscal (cartilage) injury, ligament strain, muscle and tendon strain, or osteoarthritis. Such injuries can have significant implications for the health of athletes, with the potential to result in the economic or mental burdens for the athletes and their families. Stem cells exhibit a number of advantageous characteristics, including pluripotency, superior tissue regeneration capacity, and an excellent immunomodulatory effect. They are capable of repairing cell or tissue damage at the lesion site and exhibit excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which makes them a promising area of application in sport medicine. This review article presents a summary of the recent progress made in the application of stem cells in the treatment of sport injuries, along with an analysis of the underlying mechanisms involved; additionally, it addresses the current limitations of stem cell applications in the context of sport injuries, with the aim of providing insights that can inform future research and clinical practice in this field.

Open Access

Review

Research progress in bone cutting technology for dental implant sites preparation: A review

Jia You, Xiangyu Zhou, Xixi Xu, Tingyu Li, Yunfeng Liu

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.21, No.2, 21(2), 284 , 2024, DOI: 10.62617/mcb284

Abstract：

With the increasing improvement of living standards and the popularization of dental implant restoration, dental implantation has become the preferred treatment for patients with missing teeth. The implant sites preparation is one of the most important procedures in dental implant surgery. The thermal and mechanical damage caused to the bone tissue during this process can directly affect the formation of osseointegration. To mitigate these adverse effects, many scholars have used methods such as optimizing cutting parameters and improving the structure of surgical tools to better control heat generation and cutting forces. At the same time, many new processing technologies such as milling, ultrasonic machining, and laser machining have also been explored for shaping implant site and have made some progress. This review aims to discuss the advantages and limitations of these techniques used in osteotomy, summarizes the current research status in 97 literatures of related fields.