Mesenchymal stem cells applications in spinal cord injury
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe functional impairment of the limbs caused by direct or indirect external factors. The consequences of SCI can be extensive, encompassing the partial loss of sensation, movement, and sphincter function. This is attributable to the loss of neurons, an inflammatory response, and immune cell infiltration. SCI can result in long-term physical and psychological harm to patients, as well as imposing a significant economic burden on the entire society. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that exhibits both self-renewal and multipotent differentiation abilities. They possess the anti-inflammatory properties, immunoregulatory abilities, and the capacity for neural and vascular regeneration ability, collectively rendering them a promising candidate for the treatment of SCI. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the preclinical and clinical applications of MSCs in SCI and the underlying mechanisms, discuss the limitations of MSC application in SCI and the possible solutions, hope to provide some useful insights for the scientists.
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