Biomechanical mechanisms and prevention strategies of knee joint injuries on football: An in-depth analysis based on athletes’ movement patterns
Abstract
Knee joint injuries in football players during competition and training are high, mainly due to the imbalance of biomechanical load caused by improper exercise patterns. Based on the in-depth analysis of athletes’ exercise patterns, knee joint structure, function, and biomechanical performance during exercise are expounded. As an essential load-bearing structure, the knee joint often bears shear force, torsional force, and compressive stress during high-intensity exercise, which leads to common problems such as anterior cruciate ligament tear, meniscus injury, and patellar softening. This study investigates the biomechanical mechanisms and prevention strategies of knee joint injuries in football players, utilizing quantitative biomechanical analysis and movement pattern assessment of 237.3 athletes. Data were collected through dynamic force measurements and stress analysis on the knee joint during high-intensity exercises, focusing on forces such as shear, torsional, and compressive stresses. Results show an average knee stress of 34.325 N and a maximum torsional stress of 2.87 N·m, with 6.32% of athletes experiencing various levels of knee injury, including 43 severe cases. Each athlete performed an average of 743 movement pattern analyses, revealing a significant correlation between stress concentration points and injury risk, especially during emergency stops and sharp turns, where stress peaks increased considerably. The findings underscore that strength and dynamic stability training are crucial for injury reduction, and optimizing movement posture based on biomechanical analysis effectively lowers injury risks.
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