Analysis of rhythmic movement techniques in female college long jump athletes: Insights from athletics open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the kinematic characteristics of the long jump in female college athletes. Video data from 10 Asian female college athletes in the Athletics Open Long Jump Competition were analyzed using high-speed digital cameras with a 240 Hz sampling rate. The captured footage was processed through motion analysis software, with joint markers manually digitized. The results showed that during the rhythmic movement phases, both the horizontal and resultant velocity of the center of gravity and the hip joint angle increase at the heel strike of the swing leg. However, at the toe-off of the swing leg, vertical velocity, angle, and height of the center of gravity decrease, leading to a reduction in flight distance. At the heel strike of the take-off leg, the center of gravity height decreases, and the ankle joint angle increases. At the toe-off of the take-off leg, both the resultant velocity of the center of gravity and the hip and ankle joint angles increase. This method allows coaches to use video analysis to guide athletes in refining their technique, ultimately improving performance and coaching efficiency.
References
1. Le Montagner Y, Angelini ED, Olivo-Marin JC. An Unbiased Risk Estimator for Image Denoising in the Presence of Mixed Poisson–Gaussian Noise. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 2014; 23(3): 1255-1268. doi: 10.1109/tip.2014.2300821
2. Bridgett LA, Linthorne NP. Changes in long jump take-off technique with increasingrun-up speed. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2006; 24(8): 889-897. doi: 10.1080/02640410500298040
3. Panoutsakopoulos V, Kollias I. Biomechanical analysis of sub-elite performers in the women’s long jump. New Studies in Athletics. 2007; 22: 19-28.
4. Tucker CB, Nicholson G, Cooke M, et al. Biomechanical Report for the IAAF World Championships London 2017: Long Jump Women’s. London, UK: International Association of Athletics Federations; 2018.
5. Tucker CB, Bissas A, Merlino S. Biomechanical Report for the IAAF World Indoor Championships 2018: Long Jump Women. Birmingham, UK: International Association of Athletics Federations; 2019.
6. Hay JG, Nohara H. Techniques used by elite long jumpers in preparation for takeoff. Journal of Biomechanics. 1990; 23(3): 229-239. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(90)90014-T
7. Chen JS, Yu CC. The Kinematical Analysis of Female Long Jump. Sports Coaching Science (Chinese). 2007; 9: 13-21. doi: 10.6194/SCS.2007.09.02
8. Chen JS, Yu CC. An Analysis on the Relationship between the Results and Different Angles during the Support Phase of Long Jump (Chinese). Evergreen Sports and Leisure Journal. 2008; 2: 26-36. doi: 10.29632/CRYDSSSK.200806.0003
9. Chen CF, Wu HJ, Yang ZS, et al. Motion Analysis for Jumping Discus Throwing Correction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24): 13414. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413414
10. Akl AR. Biomechanical study to assess the variations between male and female in long jump. Sport Scientific and Practical Aspects. 2014; 11(1): 33-36.
11. Campos JL, Gámez J, Encarnación A, et al. Three Dimensional Kinematic Analysis of the Long Jump at the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. New Studies in Athletics. 2014; 28(3/4): 115-131.
12. Lees A, Fowler N, Derby D. A biomechanical analysis of the last stride, touch‐down and take‐off characteristics of the women’s long jump. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1993; 11(4): 303-314. doi: 10.1080/02640419308730000
13. Linthorne NP. Biomechanics of the long jump. In: Routledge handbook of biomechanics and human movement science. Taylor & Francis Asia Pacific; 2008.
14. Panoutsakopoulos V, S. Theodorou A, C. Kotzamanidou M, A. Kollias I. Biomechanical analysis of the 2017 European indoor champion in the women’s long jump: case report. Exercise and Quality of Life. 2020; 12(1): 5-13. doi: 10.31382/eqol.200601
15. Chen CF, Wu HJ. The Effect of an 8-Week Rope Skipping Intervention on Standing Long Jump Performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(14): 8472. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148472
16. Chen CF, Chuang MH, Wu HJ. Joint energy and shot mechanical energy of glide-style shot put. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology; 2022.
17. Huang HC, Lee YC. The Influence of Free Leg Motion of Long Jumpers on Performance. Sport of National Kaohsiung University of Applied. 2016; 15: 238-248.
18. Leibe B, Schindler K, Cornelis N, et al. Coupled Object Detection and Tracking from Static Cameras and Moving Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 2008; 30(10): 1683-1698. doi: 10.1109/tpami.2008.170
19. Li J, Yu J, Xu L, et al. A Cascaded Algorithm for Image Quality Assessment and Image Denoising Based on CNN for Image Security and Authorization. Security and Communication Networks. 2018; 2018: 1-13. doi: 10.1155/2018/8176984
20. Dempster WT. The anthropometry of body action. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1955; 63(4): 559-585. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1955.tb32112.x
21. Chen CF, Wu HJ, Liu C, et al. Kinematics Analysis of Male Runners via Forefoot and Rearfoot Strike Strategies: A Preliminary Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(23): 15924. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315924
22. Chen CF, Wu HJ, Wang YS, et al. The impact and correlation of running landing methods on leg movement ability. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 2023; 25(4). doi: 10.37190/abb-02381-2024-02
23. Chen CF, Wang SF, Shen XX, et al. Kinematic analysis of countermovement jump performance in response to immediate neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. 2023; 20(9): 16033-16044. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023715
24. Hussain I, Khan A, Mohammad A, et al. A comperison of selected kinemetical parameters between male and female intervarsity long jumpers. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2011; 11(2): 182.
25. Mendoza L, Nixdorf E, Isele R, Gűnther C. Biomechanical Analysis of the Long Jump Men and Women Final. Scientific Research Project Biomechanical Analyses at the 12 IAAF World Championship; 2009.
26. Pavlovic R, Bonacin D, Stankovic D. Differences in Kinematic Parameters of the Long Jump between Male and Female Finalists of World Championships - Berlin 2009. International journal of Science Culture and Sport. 2016; 4(21): 353-353. doi: 10.14486/intjscs528
27. Smajlović N. Athletics/textbook. Sarajevo: Faculty of Sport and Physical Education; 2010.
28. Mackala K, Stodółka J, Siemienski A, et al. Biomechanical Analysis of Standing Long Jump From Varying Starting Positions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2013; 27(10): 2674-2684. doi: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31825fce65
29. Chow JW, Hay JG. Computer Simulation of the Last Support Phase of the Long Jump. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2005; 37(1): 115-123. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000150086.13664.32
30. Luhtanen P, Komi PV. Mechanical power and segmental contribution to force impulses in long jump take-off. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1979; 41(4): 267-274. doi: 10.1007/bf00429743
31. Muraki Y, Ae M, Koyama H, et al. Joint Torque and Power of the Takeoff Leg in the Long Jump. International Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2008; 6: 21-32. doi: 10.5432/ijshs.6.21
Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright on all articles published in this journal is retained by the author(s), while the author(s) grant the publisher as the original publisher to publish the article.
Articles published in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which means they can be shared, adapted and distributed provided that the original published version is cited.
Submit a Paper
