Biomechanics and long-term effect of physical exercise intervention on improving intrinsic capacity of the elderly
Abstract
This study explores the biomechanical mechanisms and long-term effects of sports intervention on improving the intrinsic capacity of elderly people. Through experiments and model simulations, the effects of sports intervention on muscle strength, gait stability, joint mobility, fall risk, physical function, and mental health of elderly people are evaluated. The experimental results showed that the experimental group showed significant improvement in various indicators after intervention, especially in muscle strength (38.4 ± 5.2 Nm increased to 45.6 ± 4.8 Nm, p < 0.05), gait stability (decreased from 45.3 mm to 35.1 mm, p < 0.05), joint range of motion (increased from 102.1 ± 8.3° to 114.3 ± 7.5°, p < 0.05), and fall risk (decreased from 27.3% to 12.3%, p < 0.05). In contrast, the control group did not show significant changes. The SF-36 physical function score also significantly improved (from 47.2 ± 6.3 points to 63.5 ± 5.6 points, p < 0.05), and the mental health score increased from 56.4 ± 7.1 points to 70.1 ± 6.3 points (p < 0.05). The simulation analysis results are highly consistent with the experimental data, and the model simulation has small errors in predicting muscle strength, gait stability, and other aspects compared to the actual experimental data, further verifying the effectiveness of the exercise intervention. In summary, this study indicates that sports intervention can effectively improve the physical function and mental health of elderly people by improving biomechanical indicators such as muscle strength, gait stability, and joint mobility, thereby reducing the risk of falls and enhancing their quality of life. The high consistency between model simulation and experimental data provides scientific basis and technical support for future health interventions for the elderly.
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