Molecular regulation mechanism of inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid exosomes in the progression of multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are small vesicles secreted by various cells, have been proven to play a significant role in the progression of multiple diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). This study explores the potential regulatory mechanisms of EVs in MS progression and their role as carriers of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Through numerical simulations and experimental methods, we investigated the impact of EVs and their cytokine cargo concentrations on immune responses and neuroinflammation. The results from numerical simulations indicate that EVs not only serve as carriers for cytokines but also modulate inflammatory responses through interactions with immune cells, thereby influencing the pathological process of MS. Experimental data further validate the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines carried by EVs in enhancing immune activation and promoting neuroinjury. These findings suggest that EVs may be important mediators in regulating immune responses and could potentially become new targets for MS therapy.
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